Plant-endophyte symbiosis in non-leguminous plants

Becking, J. H.

doi:10.1007/bf01372898

Cited by 78 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…For example Streptomyces symbionts in the beewolf digger wasp protect their cocoon from fungal infection by producing a cocktail of 9 antibiotics and significantly enhance the larva's chances of survival during hibernation in the soil [47,48]. Non leguminous angiosperm species having actinomycetes in root-nodule have also been noted [49][50][51]. Some of the fungus-growing ants use antibiotic-producing actinomycetes to control garden parasites [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59].…”

Section: Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Why antibiotics: A comparative evaluation of different hypotheses for the natural role of antibiotics and an evolutionary synthesis

Kumbhar¹,

Watve²

2013

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Although secondary metabolites with antimicrobial and other bioactivities are explored extensively, the natural or ecological role(s) of secondary metabolites is not yet clearly known. We review here the different hypotheses for the ecological role of antibiotics, with particular focus on the genus Streptomyces which is unparalleled in the richness of secondary metabolites. We first lay down our expectations from an ecological hypothesis for antibiotics and then weigh the six predominant hypotheses against them including antibiotics as weapons in competition, as aid in sporulation, as bartered benefits in symbioses, as signal molecules in community homeostasis, as weapons in predation and as metabolic waste or bi-products. The analysis shows that no single hypothesis meets all the expectations. While the waste or bi-product hypothesis can safely be eliminated all others have some evidence in support. It is possible therefore that antibiotics serve a multitude of ecological functions and it is possible to visualize a pathway for the radiating functions. According to this synthesis antibiotics evolved primarily as weapons in predation on other microorganisms. The inevitable co-evolution with prey species led to diversification of the genes and pathways. Some of the secondary metabolites eventually radiated to acquire other functions such as competition between predators. Some secondary metabolites evolved animal toxicity as a mutualistic barter to protect the symbiotic partner from grazing/predation by animals. Transcription modulation primarily evolved as activation of defense mechanisms by the prey which may have later radiated to serve interspecies signaling functions. The synthesis successfully links different functions of antibiotics with logical coherence.

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Section: Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Why antibiotics: A comparative evaluation of different hypotheses for the natural role of antibiotics and an evolutionary synthesis

Kumbhar¹,

Watve²

2013

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“…Some bacterial mutualists inhabit specialized structures in hosts (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26), whereas others range widely in host mucosa or other unstructured tissues (27)(28)(29) (Table 1). Finally, bacterial mutualists provide a great variety of benefits to hosts, including nutrients (15,17,20,26,27,30), bioluminescence (14), and antibiotic production (31)(32)(33). Although bacterial mutualists by definition provide a net fitness benefit to hosts, they can also bear features that exploit hosts (8,(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary transitions in bacterial symbiosis

Sachs

Skophammer

Regus

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

309

332

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Diverse bacterial lineages form beneficial infections with eukaryotic hosts. The origins, evolution, and breakdown of these mutualisms represent important evolutionary transitions. To examine these key events, we synthesize data from diverse interactions between bacteria and eukaryote hosts. Five evolutionary transitions are investigated, including the origins of bacterial associations with eukaryotes, the origins and subsequent stable maintenance of bacterial mutualism with hosts, the capture of beneficial symbionts via the evolution of strict vertical transmission within host lineages, and the evolutionary breakdown of bacterial mutualism. Each of these transitions has occurred many times in the history of bacterial-eukaryote symbiosis. We investigate these evolutionary events across the bacterial domain and also among a focal set of well studied bacterial mutualist lineages. Subsequently, we generate a framework for examining evolutionary transitions in bacterial symbiosis and test hypotheses about the selective, ecological, and genomic forces that shape these events.conflict | cooperation | endosymbiont | major transition | phylogeny

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“…Ferguson (1953, as cited in Dawson, 1978) found that actinorhizae have a higher requirement for oxygen than roots without actinomycete infection. However, anaerobic conditions inside the nodule are required for nitrogenase-catalyzed reactions (Becking, 1970). Bond (1961) determined that optimum nitrogen fixation in A. glutinosa occurred at a 12% oxygen concentration.…”

Section: Vesicular-arbuscular Mycorrhizaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of these compounds on the establishment of the other symbionts. is not known, Becking (1966Becking ( , 1970Becking ( , 1975 and Angulo-Carmona et al (1976) have described the ingression process of the actinomycete. Penetration occurs in the root hair tip.…”

Section: Host-symbiont Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Symbiotic relationships among Alnus and its mycorrhizae and actionorhizae

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Plant-endophyte symbiosis in non-leguminous plants

Cited by 78 publications

References 85 publications

Why antibiotics: A comparative evaluation of different hypotheses for the natural role of antibiotics and an evolutionary synthesis

Why antibiotics: A comparative evaluation of different hypotheses for the natural role of antibiotics and an evolutionary synthesis

Evolutionary transitions in bacterial symbiosis

Symbiotic relationships among Alnus and its mycorrhizae and actionorhizae

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