Plant extracts in agriculture and their applications in the treatment of seeds

Carvalho, Ricardo da Silva; Silva, Mariana Altenhofen da; Borges, Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro; Forti, Victor Augusto

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20210245

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…These phytochemical compounds are reported to inhibit the sporulation and mycelia growth of fungi [26,47]. Citrus extract has a bio-stimulant effect on seed germination, and therefore enhanced the germination of pearl millet seeds in this study [45].…”

Section: Application Of Seed Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…However, the citrus extract provided the most effect in reducing fungal incidence (24.6%) among the treatments. Both citrus and neem extracts contain antifungal properties which hindered the sporulation of fungal inoculum on the seeds [11,[44][45][46]. Das and Godbole [26] stated that aqueous or ethanolic extracts of neem and lemon have the potential to inhibit fungal growth due to the presence of phytochemical compounds including flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids and tannins in the extracts.…”

Section: Application Of Seed Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Citrus Extract Found Potent in the Control of Seed-Borne Fungal Pathogens of Pearl Millet—A Recommendation for Farmers’ Seed Saving Systems

Anafo,

Sugri,

Asungre

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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Seed saving is crucial to ensure seed and food security, especially in developing countries. In Ghana, about 90% of pearl millet farmers utilise farmer-saved seed for production. Such seeds usually have a low germination rate, and may carry important seed-borne pathogens. In this study, the quality of farmer-saved seeds and the potential of botanicals to control seed-borne fungi were examined. A structured questionnaire was administered to 120 farmers from Garu, Bongo and Kassana-Nankana districts in Ghana. During the survey, 60 samples of farmer-saved seed were obtained for seed quality evaluation. Aqueous extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica) and citrus (Citrus sinensis) were prepared as seed treatments compared with a control. Fourteen (14) fungal species were associated with the seed samples, but the four dominant ones were Curvularia spp. (62%), Talaromyces spp. (53%), Aspergillus spp. (52%) and Exserohilum spp. (42%). The application of citrus extract inhibited fungal incidence (15–31.7%) compared to neem extract (33.3–93.3%) and the control (96.7–98.3%). The application of citrus extract resulted in a higher (74.7–82.8%) field germination rate compared to neem extract (62.3–73.2%) and the control (65.5–69.2%). The citrus extract was the most efficient treatment in reducing the incidence of fungi and enhancing the seed germination and vigour of pearl millet.

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Section: Application Of Seed Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Application Of Seed Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citrus Extract Found Potent in the Control of Seed-Borne Fungal Pathogens of Pearl Millet—A Recommendation for Farmers’ Seed Saving Systems

Anafo,

Sugri,

Asungre

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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“…Due to the recent growth in food demand, agricultural expansion, and increased crop productivity have resulted in a rise in the use of many synthetic products in the fields, which has created a number of issues for the environment, farmers, and consumers 78 . As a result, the use of plant biostimulants is a novel, ecologically friendly strategy for sustainable crop production, which is constrained by issues including water shortages, resource depletion, environmental stresses, and climate change 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, productivity and phytochemicals of Coriander in responses to foliar application of Acacia saligna fruit extract as a biostimulant under field conditions

Alkharpotly,

Abd-Elkader,

Salem

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The application of natural extracts to vegetable plants can increase production, optimize nutrient and water uptake, and mitigate the effects of stress on vegetable plants by enhancing primary and secondary metabolism. In this study, Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.L.Wendl. fruit aqueous extract (FAE) was applied as a foliar application to assess and demonstrate its effects on growth, productivity, and phytochemicals of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) plants. A. saligna FAE (2%, 4%, and 6%), each combined with 50% of the recommended dose of N fertilizer was applied to coriander plants over the course of two successive seasons in the field. These treatments were compared with the control treatment, which used a 100% recommended dose of N. The four tested treatments were set up in a randomized complete block design with three replicates for a total of 12 experimental plots. Each replicate (experimental plot) was 3 m2 (2 × 1.5 m2) in size and included 300 seeds/m2. The phytochemicals were examined using chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods, where the essential oils (EOs) extracted from leaves were analyzed by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), while the phenolic and flavonoid compounds were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). With the application of A. saligna FAE (4%) + 50% N fertilizer, the levels of total solid content, total carbohydrates, total protein, total phenols, and total antioxidant activity, as well as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a + b, and carotenoids, were increased at harvest. The treatment A. saligna FAE at 6% + 50% N fertilizer did not observe significant improvement in the growth parameters of coriander plants because of the anticipated allelopathic effects. By GC–MS analysis, the major compounds in the EO from control treatment were 2-octyn-1-ol (23.93%), and 2-butyl-1-octanol (8.80%), in treated plants with 2% of A. saligna FAE + 50% N fertilizer were (E)-2-decen-1-ol (32.00%), and 1-methoxymethoxy-oct-2-yne (13.71%), in treated plants with 4% A. saligna FAE + 50% N fertilizer were E-2-undecen-1-ol (32.70%), and 3,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexene (8.91%), and in the treated plants with A. saligna FAE (6%) + 50% N fertilizer were phytol (80.44%), and (Z)6,(Z)9-pentadecadien-1-ol (13.75%). The flavonoid components 7-hydroxyflavone, naringin, rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin, and catechin were presented with variable concentrations according to the treatments utilized as identified by HPLC analysis from the methanol extracts of the treated plants with the combination treatments of A. saligna FAE (2, 4, and 6%) and N fertilization (50% from the recommended dose) and control coriander plants (100% N recommended dose). The combination of 50% N fertilizer treatment and the biostimulant A. saligna FAE (4%) seems to improve coriander plant growth while simultaneously lowering N fertilizer consumption. Future research will be needed to further study the effectiveness of several concentrations of A. saligna FAE in various conditions and/or species.

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“…This apparent effectiveness of the R. communis, A. indica and N. tabacum extracts could be attributed to its high contact toxicity effect on the larvae population growth in the first four weeks which overlapped with first and second sprays (see Figure 3) thereby reducing the leaf damage to maize in the early stages of the crop development. Based on performance alone, the use of plant extracts may exhibit varying levels of FAW control, and statistically lower mortality and damage rates compared to synthetic pesticides [26], but may nevertheless be an excellent alternative to synthetic pesticides. Besides being insecticidal, some of these plant leaf extracts like A. indica possess growth promoting substances, hence when applied before anthesis may boost grain yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have suggested some plant extracts with insecticidal properties are effective and could be used by farmers against FAW [24,25]. However, most of these studies have been conducted either as a laboratory experiment or limited to a single season if it's a field study, as such the uptake of proven plant-based pesticides has remained small and further constrained by limited data on other beneficial aspects [26,27]. The acceptance and adoption of these technologies at the farm level are also hindered by a lack of data on the effectiveness of the farmers' experiential dose rate and spraying regimes and other plant health-related benefits such as reduction in the incidence and severity of maize ear rots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-efficacy of Crude Aqueous Leaf Extracts against the Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and Maize Ear Rots in Zambia

Mukanga¹,

Machuku²,

Matimelo³

et al. 2022

ABR

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The use of crude aqueous leaf extracts (=plant extracts) provides an excellent opportunity to explore their potential as an alternative control method to chemical insecticides. Following the invasion of Zambia by Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (FAW), huge amounts of chemical pesticides have been procured and applied to control the pest, potentially creating an environmental health hazard. This study was therefore conducted to assess the bio-efficacy of crude aqueous leaf extracts of selected plants against FAW and maize ear rots. A no-choice bioassay set up prior to a field trial revealed that extracts of Azadirachta indica, Gliricidia sepium, Nicotiana tabacum, Ricinus communis, and Tephrosia vogelii applied rate of 10% weight by volume exerted more than 40% FAW larvae mortality. These extracts when tested in a field experiment over two seasons, 2020 and 2021 with two checks, chemical insecticide, Lambda-cyhalothrin 5EC and untreated control significantly reduced FAW infestation by 21.7 to 33.3%, had low number of larvae per plant, and less leaf damage compared to the untreated control, though significantly higher than that insecticide control. It was further observed that more than two sprays were required to effectively control the pest. At harvest, there were significantly less incidence and severity of maize ear rot, low levels of cob damage and higher grain yield in leaf extract treatments than the unprotected maize. Overall, R. communis followed by A. indica and N. tabacum were most effective in reducing FAW attack and maize ear rot infection. Given their effectiveness, it is imperative these extracts are included in an Integrated Pest Management Program for FAW.

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Plant extracts in agriculture and their applications in the treatment of seeds

Cited by 8 publications

References 79 publications

Citrus Extract Found Potent in the Control of Seed-Borne Fungal Pathogens of Pearl Millet—A Recommendation for Farmers’ Seed Saving Systems

Citrus Extract Found Potent in the Control of Seed-Borne Fungal Pathogens of Pearl Millet—A Recommendation for Farmers’ Seed Saving Systems

Growth, productivity and phytochemicals of Coriander in responses to foliar application of Acacia saligna fruit extract as a biostimulant under field conditions

Bio-efficacy of Crude Aqueous Leaf Extracts against the Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and Maize Ear Rots in Zambia

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