Plant feeding of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in Mikumi national park, Tanzania, and the relationship between seasonal feeding and immature survival

Rhine, Ramon J.; Norton, Guy W.; Wynn, Gail M.; Wynn, Roger D.

doi:10.1007/bf02737420

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Both feeding time and dietary intake alter with reproductive status among female savan na baboons [41]. Individual flexibility in meeting the nutritional demands of reproduc tion makes lability in the timing of different phases of the reproductive cycle possible [26], We suggest that pronounced dietary diversity is the key factor influencing nonseasonality of birth among savanna baboons by opening a large window of opportunity for adjusting the stages of the reproductive cycle. Generalist feeding strategies buffer an individual against seasonal changes in the availability of specific food items and allow for more opportunism in the timing of reproductive events [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Birth seasonality in savanna baboons has not been reported from any locality in Africa, but birth or mating peaks have been suggested (table 1). In only 2 cases [9,25,26] has documentation of a birth or conception peak been based upon lengthy longitudinal records. However, the birth peak reported at Mikumi (Tanzania) may not be a regular phe nomenon across time, but due to particular characteristics of the 8-year study [25], At all localities where baboons have been studied, copulations and births have been documented throughout the year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annual Birth Patterns of Savanna Baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) over a Ten-Year Period at Gilgil, Kenya

Bercovitch

Harding²

1993

IJFP

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Most cercopithecines reproduce on a seasonal basis, but the proximate mechanisms influencing birth periodicity are often unclear. We analyze 10 years of data from the Gilgil Baboon Project (Kenya) in order to examine the relationship between annual birth patterns and rainfall. Savanna baboons at Gilgil copulated in all months of the year, and births did not occur on a seasonal basis. Annual rainfall patterns showed no association with annual birth patterns, but the chances of conception were significantly greater following the end of the long rainy season than at other times of the year. Nonseasonal reproduction is a general characteristic of savanna baboons (Pαpio cynocephalus subsp.) throughout Africa. The extreme dietary diversity of baboons enables them to utilize a wide variety of resources and facultatively manipulate the timing of different stages in the reproductive cycle in accordance with resource availability. We predict that nonseasonality of reproduction will be more likely to occur among species with a large dietary diversity than among species with a more restricted diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Birth Patterns of Savanna Baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) over a Ten-Year Period at Gilgil, Kenya

Bercovitch

Harding²

1993

IJFP

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“…In addition to the changes in dietary intake associated with a decrease in suckling and increase in foraging, baboons are subject to differences in seasonal availability of foods [Rowell, 1966;Rhine et al, 1989;Altmann, 1998;Okecha and Newton-Fisher, 2006;Paterson, 2006]. Although rainfall seasonality in Uganda is less extreme than in savannah-woodland, plant foods exploited by baboons in the forest are also seasonal in availability [Rowell, 1966;Okecha and Newton-Fisher, 2006;Paterson, 2006].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although rainfall seasonality in Uganda is less extreme than in savannah-woodland, plant foods exploited by baboons in the forest are also seasonal in availability [Rowell, 1966;Okecha and Newton-Fisher, 2006;Paterson, 2006]. Some baboon foods are difficult to process and require a degree of skill and strength that take time to acquire during the first year of life [Rhine et al, 1989;Altmann, 1998]. Both seasonality and acquisition of adult foraging skills may influence changes in the Sr/Ca ratio throughout the weaning period and subsequently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baboons are eclectic omnivores [Altmann, 1998], who selectively choose a wide range of foods from those available in the varying habitats in which they live [Rhine et al, 1989;Altmann, 1998;Okecha and Newton-Fisher, 2006;Paterson, 2006]. Studies at 3 different sites in Uganda include few overlapping species, yet baboons at all 3 sites ate fruit, seeds, tubers, roots and leafy material from a wide range of trees, herbs, shrubs and grasses [Rowell, 1966;Okecha and Newton-Fisher, 2006;Paterson, 2006].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracking Dietary Transitions in Weanling Baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) Using Strontium/Calcium Ratios in Enamel

Humphrey¹,

Dirks²,

Dean³

et al. 2008

IJFP

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Strontium and calcium are incorporated into developing teeth in a manner that reflects changing physiological concentrations in the body. A new model predicts changes in strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) ratios in response to dietary transitions experienced at birth and during the weaning period. Microsampling of longitudinal thin sections of tooth enamel using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry provides a basis for the systematic evaluation of variation in Sr/Ca ratios within the tooth crown. Incremental growth markers in enamel are used to determine the age of onset of enamel mineralization at each sampling point. Thin sections of 5 teeth from 2 wild-caught baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) were systematically analysed using this technique. Intra- and intertooth analyses of Sr/Ca ratios reveal a pattern of dietary development during the period of enamel formation that is consistent with observational data on the timing of weaning behaviour in anubis baboons.

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Using carbon isotopes to track dietary change in modern, historical, and ancient primates

Sponheimer

Codron

Passey

et al. 2009

American J Phys Anthropol

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Stable isotope analysis can be used to document dietary changes within the lifetimes of individuals and may prove useful for investigating fallback food consumption in modern, historical, and ancient primates. Feces, hair, and enamel are all suitable materials for such analysis, and each has its own benefits and limitations. Feces provide highly resolved temporal dietary data, but are generally limited to providing dietary information about modern individuals and require labor-intensive sample collection and analysis. Hair provides less well-resolved data, but has the advantage that one or a few hair strands can provide evidence of dietary change over months or years. Hair is also available in museum collections, making it possible to investigate the diets of historical specimens. Enamel provides the poorest temporal resolution of these materials, but is often preserved for millions of years, allowing examination of dietary change in deep time. We briefly discuss the use of carbon isotope data as it pertains to recent thinking about fallback food consumption in ancient hominins and suggest that we may need to rethink the functional significance of the australopith masticatory package.

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Plant feeding of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in Mikumi national park, Tanzania, and the relationship between seasonal feeding and immature survival

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Annual Birth Patterns of Savanna Baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) over a Ten-Year Period at Gilgil, Kenya

Annual Birth Patterns of Savanna Baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) over a Ten-Year Period at Gilgil, Kenya

Tracking Dietary Transitions in Weanling Baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) Using Strontium/Calcium Ratios in Enamel

Using carbon isotopes to track dietary change in modern, historical, and ancient primates

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