Plant functional types in Mediterranean enclaves in Western Black Sea Region of Turkey

Elmas, Emire; Kutbay, Hamdi Güray

doi:10.3906/bot-1402-45

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Still, some studies report relationships between leaf traits and pollination types for different ecosystems and vegetation types. For example, Elmas & Kutbay () observed, in accordance with our observations, that insect‐pollinated shrubs in mediterranean ecosystems feature a higher SLA and lower LDMC than wind‐pollinated species. In contrast, Diaz & Cabido () observed a partially inverse relationship for the flora of central‐western Argentina.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Mapping pollination types with remote sensing

Feilhauer

Doktor

Schmidtlein

et al. 2016

J Vegetation Science

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Questions: Pollination is an ecosystem function that varies at local spatial scales. Remote sensing may help to quantify and map the resulting patterns for a better understanding of ecosystem functioning. This task is challenging because the signal measured by sensors is dominated by leaf and canopy optical traits that determine the vegetation spectrum. No direct influence of pollination types (i.e. wind, insect and self-pollination) can be expected. We thus ask: (1) how strongly are pollination types at the community level linked with optical traits; and (2) do these links allow us to map spatial patterns of pollination types with remote sensing data?Location: Mires and Molinia grasslands in Bavaria, southern Germany. Methods:We sampled vascular plant species composition, as well as traits related to optical spectral signals, for 100 plots. Information on pollination types and additional optical traits were compiled from established plant trait databases. Simultaneously with the field sampling, image data of the study site were acquired using the airborne sensor AISA Dual. We tested for correlations between pollination types and optical traits. Based on these results, we regressed the plot-based information on pollination types against the corresponding spectral signal extracted from the image data. We inverted the models using the image in order to obtain maps of the pollination type distribution across the study site.Results: In our study site, pollination types and optical traits were significantly correlated, up to R = À0.813 in the case of wind pollination and leaf dry matter content. These relations are, however, not necessarily transferable to other ecosystems, phenological stages and spatial scales, and their physical interpretation requires careful consideration. We were able to statistically model the spatial distribution of pollination types with a RMSE < 10.5%. The resulting maps provide detailed insights into the spatial distribution of pollination types at the community level. Conclusions:The results show that pollination types are indeed related to canopy reflectance in a way that allows their mapping using remote sensing. More research is needed in order to improve our knowledge about transferable relations between pollination types and plant traits in other ecosystems and at different phenological stages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Mapping pollination types with remote sensing

Feilhauer

Doktor

Schmidtlein

et al. 2016

J Vegetation Science

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“…Stewart et al (1993) showed that the rate of nitrate usage is higher in therophytes and hemicryptophyes, which are pioneer species, than in deeper‐rooted shrubs and trees. Therefore, increasing nitrate concentration with succession is the result of a decreased use by plants rather than an increasing nitrification rate in older communities (Li et al 2013, Samuel et al , Hyodo et al ). The relationship between amounts of absorbed nitrogen from soil by plants and return of this nutrient back to the soil afterwards ultimately depends on reciprocal balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PFT3 consisted of tall shrubs with small leaves, a high number of leaves per stem, low dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorous (such as E. arborea ). Semi‐deciduous dwarf shrubs with hairy leaves on both sides formed PFT4 (such as S. spinosum , Cistus creticus L., C. salviifolius L.) (Elmas and Kutbay ). The results of a previous study revealed that the Q. ilex community was formed by PFT2 and PFT1, while the E. arborea community includes species of all four functional types.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Raunkiaer's life forms of species distributed in the studied communities were previously determined according to Ellenberg and Mueller‐Dombois (1967) as part of the same project (Elmas and Kutbay ). In addition, four plant functional types (PFT) of woody species had been also determined according to 24 functional traits (growth form, life form, deciduousness, height, ramification, vegetative spreading, spininess, stem diameter, bark consistency, rate of leaf/stem, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen content, leaf phosphorous content, leaf colour, leaf margin, leaf texture, leaf hairiness, pollination mode, fruit dehiscence, fruit type, seed size, reproductive phenology) in these communities (Elmas and Kutbay ). While aphyllous species formed PFT1 (such as Ruscus aculeatus L., Spartium junceum L.), evergreen trees with scleropyllous and low nitrogen content grouped into PFT2 (such as Q. ilex , L. nobilis , Phillyrea latifolia L., Arbutus unedo L.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutrient availability in terrestrial ecosystems is heterogeneous and closely related with plant cover (Tilman , Grime ). Heterogeneity is expected to change over time because of both changing allocation patterns and nutrient input from plants by age, and strategies of soil organisms during wetter and drier seasons (Doughty et al , Kivlin and Hawkes ). Increase in nutrient availability in plant communities may be driven by differences in the height of species and life history (Armesto et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of some soil properties (soil nitrogen forms and moisture) on community structure in Mediterranean plant communities in the Black Sea region

Elmas

Kutbay

2019

Nordic Journal of Botany

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Mediterranean ecosystems comprise the second biodiversity hotspot area after tropical rain forests and will be most affected by global climate change. Therefore, it is important to understand community dynamics for effective conservation in this region. We investigated the relationships between soil moisture, nitrogen forms and community structuring in Quercus ilexL., Erica arborea L. and Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) Spach communities, representing different successional stages, distributed as Mediterranean enclaves on the Sinop Peninsula (Turkey). The soil moisture, ammonium, nitrate and nitrite content were measured seasonally. Differences in these abiotic parameters within and between communities over seasons were tested. Previously collected biotic data were then used to analyze the relationship between soil parameters and community structure. Significant differences in soil parameters within and between seasons were found within and between communities. Our results show that there are different relationships between soil moisture, nitrogen forms and community structure in Mediterranean plant communities representing different successional stages. Differentiation in vegetation structure during succession cause changes especially in the water and nitrate content of the soil, and these changes in turn affect the continuity of community structure in Mediterranean plant communities.

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Growth form, regeneration mode, and vegetation type explain leaf trait variability at the species and community levels in Mediterranean woody vegetation

Tüfekcioğlu,

Tavşanoğlu

2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Leaf traits are good indicators of ecosystem functioning and plant adaptations to environmental conditions. We examined whether leaf trait variability at species and community levels in Mediterranean woody vegetation is explained by growth form, regeneration mode, and vegetation type. We studied several plant communities across five vegetation types – semi‐closed forest, open forest, closed shrubland, open shrubland, and scrubland – in southwestern Anatolia, Türkiye. Using linear mixed models, community‐weighted trait means, and principal component analysis, we tested how much variability in three leaf traits (specific leaf area, leaf thickness, and leaf area) is accounted for species, growth form, regeneration mode, and vegetation type. Despite a large amount of leaf trait variability both within‐ and among‐species existed, functional groups still accounted for a significant part of this variability. Resprouters had higher SLA and leaf area and lower leaf thickness than non‐resprouters. However, further functional separation in regeneration mode, by considering the propagule‐persistence trait and the seed bank locality, explained leaf trait variability better than only resprouting ability. Although no consistent pattern was observed in three leaf traits in the growth form, we found evidence for the difference in SLA and leaf thickness between shrubs and large shrubs, and subshrubs had smaller leaves than other growth forms. Vegetation type also accounted for a substantial amount of leaf trait variability. Specifically, plant communities in closed habitats had larger leaf area than open ones, and those in scrublands had higher SLA, lower leaf thickness, and lower leaf area than other vegetation types. Climate and phylogeny had limited contribution to the results obtained, with the exception of a significant phylogenetic effect in explaining the differences in SLA between resprouters and non‐resprouters. Our results suggest that multiple drivers are responsible for shaping plant trait variability in Mediterranean plant communities, including growth form, regeneration mode, and vegetation type.

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Plant functional types in Mediterranean enclaves in Western Black Sea Region of Turkey

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Mapping pollination types with remote sensing

Mapping pollination types with remote sensing

The effects of some soil properties (soil nitrogen forms and moisture) on community structure in Mediterranean plant communities in the Black Sea region

Growth form, regeneration mode, and vegetation type explain leaf trait variability at the species and community levels in Mediterranean woody vegetation

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