Plant Gene Structure

Messing, Joachim; Geraghty, Daniel E.; Heidecker, Gisela; Hu, Nien-Tai; Kridl, Jean C.; Rubenstein, Irwin

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4544-2_16

Cited by 136 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The TATA boxes of all of the genes except 10A5 resemble the sequence TC(TA)4_5. These sequences are similar to the consensus reported previously (Messing et al, 1983), except that the stretch of A residues at the 3' end of the TATA motif is missing in the SAUR genes. Gene 10A5 lacks both the TC residues before the TATA motif and the stretch of A residues at the 3' end of the motif.…”

Section: Dna Sequence Analysissupporting

confidence: 86%

Transcription, organization, and sequence of an auxin-regulated gene cluster in soybean.

et al. 1989

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Section: Dna Sequence Analysissupporting

confidence: 86%

Transcription, organization, and sequence of an auxin-regulated gene cluster in soybean.

et al. 1989

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“…The sequence GAUAAAA at residues 4639 to 4645, which is found in all the TBRV RNA species examined, corresponds in sequence and position to the consensus polyadenylation signal of plant genes (Messing et al, 1983), Meyer et al (1986) noted that the 3' non-coding region of TBRV-S RNA-2 is relatively rich in U residues, and our results show that, at least for the 3"-proximal part of the non-coding region, this is a feature shared by all TBRV RNA species. They also noted that several base-paired helical structures with large negative free energies could be formed in the 3'-terminal sequence, and a consequence of the similarity in primary sequence is that the predicted secondary structures at the 3' ends of all TBRV RNA species are very similar (Dodd, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Conservation of the 3'-Terminal Sequences of the Genome RNA Species of Tomato Black Ring Virus

Dodd¹,

Robinson²

1987

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYSequences of more than 100 residues adjacent to the 3'-terminal poly(A) tract were determined for each of the two genome RNA species of tomato black ring nepovirus (TBRV) strains A and C; in addition a shorter portion of sequence was determined for RNA-2 of strain G. Comparison of these results and the sequence previously determined for RNA-2 of strain S showed that in this region the sequences of RNA-I and RNA-2 are almost identical and that considerable sequence homology exists between strains. In contrast, a segment of sequence near the 3' end of RNA-2 of tobacco ringspot virus, another nepovirus, showed no similarity with the corresponding region of TBRV RNA.

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“…At the nucleotide level, the locations of the tobacco transcription regulatory sequences are somewhat ambiguous; they have not yet been experimentally identified. Because the ALS gene is not highly expressed, its regulatory sequences might be expected to deviate from the described consensus plant regulatory sequences, which have been largely derived from abundantly expressed genes (21). We expect that the tobacco ALS TATA box is included in the sequence which begins at base 99 in tobacco, TTAATATTAAAC.…”

Section: Ggagagtaaggaaggtaaactgaagt Tggatt T Ttct Gct Tggaggcaggagt Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Plant Genes Coding for Acetolactate Synthase, the Target Enzyme for Two Classes of Herbicides

Mazur¹,

Chui²,

Smith³

1987

Plant Physiol.

233

129

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Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is the first common enzyme in the biosynthetic pathways to valune, isoleucine, and leucine. It is the target of two stuturally unrelated classes of herbicides, the sulfonylureas and the imidazolinones. Genomic clones encoding ALS have been isolated from the higher plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum, using a yeast ALS gene as a heterologous hybridization probe. Clones were positively identified by the homology of their deduced amino acid sequences with those of yeast and bacterial ALS isozymes. The tobacco and Arabidopsis ALS genes have approximately 70% nucleotide homology, and encode mature proteins which are approximately 85% homologous. Little homology is seen between the amino acid sequences of the presumptive N-terminal chloroplast transit peptides. Both plant genes lack introns. The tobacco ALS gene was isolated from a line of tobacco which is resistant to the sulfonylurea herbicides due to an alteration in AILS. The tobacco gene which was isolated codes for an ALS that is sensitive to the herbicides, as assayed by transformation of the gene into sensitive tobacco cells.ALS' (EC 4.1.3.18) catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthesis of the essential amino acids isoleucine, leucine, and valine. ALS has attracted enhanced interest recently in that it has been demonstrated to be the target of two new and structurally unrelated classes of herbicides, the sulfonylureas (1,4,12,24) and the imidazolinones (29). Both classes of compounds are notable for their high herbicidal potencies, their low mammalian toxicities, and, for some analogs, their selective toxicity to weed species as compared to crop species (16, 29). These compounds inhibit plant growth by inactivating an enzyme in an essential amino acid biosynthetic pathway, rather than by the common alternate herbicidal mode of inactivating a component in a photosynthetic pathway. Because essential amino acids are not produced by mammals, they lack the target enzyme for these compounds, which presumably contributes to the low mammalian toxicities of these herbicides. The selective toxicity to weeds ofcertain ofthese compounds is due to their metabolism by crop plants; analogs have been synthesized which are metabolically inactivated by particular crop species, but not by most weed species (32,28).Tobacco mutants resistant to the sulfonylurea herbicides chlorsulfuron (Glean; Du Pont) and sulfometuron methyl (Oust; Du X Abbreviations: ALS, acetolactate synthase; bp, base pairs. Pont) have been isolated by selection for herbicide resistant haploid cell lines in tissue culture. Diploid plants were regenerated from these lines, and the resistance trait was shown to be expressed at the whole plant level. Through genetic crosses it was then established that the resistance was due to single semidominant nuclear mutations (2). The mode of action of the sulfonylurea herbicides was deduced in bacteria (12), when it was found that some bacteria are sensitive to sulfonylurea herbicides when grown on minimal medium, b...

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Plant Gene Structure

Cited by 136 publications

References 28 publications

Transcription, organization, and sequence of an auxin-regulated gene cluster in soybean.

Transcription, organization, and sequence of an auxin-regulated gene cluster in soybean.

Conservation of the 3'-Terminal Sequences of the Genome RNA Species of Tomato Black Ring Virus

Isolation and Characterization of Plant Genes Coding for Acetolactate Synthase, the Target Enzyme for Two Classes of Herbicides

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