Plant Growth Inhibitory Activity of the Extracts of Acmella oleracea and its Growth Inhibitory Substances

Abstract

Aqueous methanol extracts of Acmella oleracea inhibited the growth of roots and shoots of cress (Lepidum sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) with the extract concentration-dependent manner. The extracts were then purified and 2 growth inhibitory substances were isolated and identified by spectral data as (E,E)-2,4-undecadien-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide (compound 1) and nona-(2Z)-en-6,8-diynoic acid 2-phenylethylamide (compound 2). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of cress roots and shoots at concentrations greater than 0.3 mM and that of barnyard grass root at concentrations greater than 0.03 mM. Compound 2 inhibited the growth of cress shoots and barnyard grass roots at concentrations greater than 1 mM. The inhibition on the seedling growth indicates that both compounds had growth inhibitory activity and may contribute to the inhibitory effect of A. oleracea extracts. This is the first report of having growth inhibitory activity of compounds 1 and 2 on plants.

Plant-Derived Pesticides as an Alternative to Pest Management and Sustainable Agricultural Production: Prospects, Applications and Challenges

“…Besides essential oils herbicidal activity, Ismail, Hamrouni, Hanana and Jamoussi [ 90 ] have also reported plant-derived isolated compounds, such as eugenol and 1,8-cineole, with herbicidal activity promoted through inhibition of DNA synthesis and mitosis. Furthermore, several classes of secondary metabolites have been already described as phytotoxins, including naphtoquinones, such as juglone [ 91 , 92 ], amino acids such as m-tyrosin e [ 93 ] and L-tryptophane [ 94 ], terpenoids as 5,6-dihydroxycadinan-3-ene-2,7-dione [ 2 , 95 ] and citronnellol [ 90 ], catechins [ 2 , 96 ], polyphenols [ 97 ] and alkylamides [ 98 ].…”

Isolation and Identification of Two Potent Phytotoxic Substances from Afzelia xylocarpa for Controlling Weeds

“…These phytotoxic substances (e.g., phenolics, terpenoids, and alkaloids and their derivatives) can affect target plants' physiological functions, such as inhibiting cell membrane permeability and cell division as well as interrupting respiration photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and enzymatic activities [15][16][17]. Most of these substances are entirely or partially water-soluble, making them more eco-friendly and easier to apply as natural herbicides [18,19]. Consequently, there has been much research on isolating and identifying phytotoxic substances from different plant species to develop natural herbicides [20][21][22].…”

Allelopathic potential of Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. leaf extracts against the seedling growth of six test plants

“…It has been found that the aqueous solvent cannot dissolve most of the non-polar bioactive substances (Horky, 2020). Many researchers reported that a wide range of phytochemical substances in medicinal plants has been successfully extracted by the aqueous methanol (Sultana et al, 2009;Boonmee et al, 2018;Kato-Noguchi et al, 2019). Therefore, A. pennata leaves were extracted using the aqueous methanol to obtain both polar and non-polar bioactive allelochemicals in the extracts.…”

“…For example, Ladhari et al (2013) reported that three phytotoxic substances isolated from Capparis spinosa suppressed the lettuce seedling growth. Furthermore, Kato-Noguchi et al (2019) have been reported that two isolated compounds from Acmella oleracea inhibited the growth of cress and barnyard grass. Notably, there are a number of medicinal plants in the Mimosaceae family (Wickens and Pennacchio, 2002;Saha et al, 2018), which comprises many genera and species (Ebinger et al, 2000;Orchard and Wilson, 2001;Maslin et al, 2003;Wiart, 2006).…”