Plant Immune Responses to Parasitic Nematodes

Sato, Kenzo; Kadota, Yasuhiro; Shirasu, Ken

doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.01165

Cited by 147 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(192 reference statements)

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“…However, this needs further investigations. It has been suggested that the intensity and the duration of ROS burst in plants can determine the compatible or incompatible interaction with RKN (Melillo et al, 2011;Sato et al, 2019). A strong and a prolonged ROS burst caused an incompatible interaction between the plant and RKN, based on an increased plant defense against J2 penetration (Melillo et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbes Attaching to Endoparasitic Phytonematodes in Soil Trigger Plant Defense Upon Root Penetration by the Nematode

et al. 2020

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Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are among the most aggressive phytonematodes. While moving through soil to reach the roots of their host, specific microbes attach to the cuticle of the infective second-stage juveniles (J2). Reportedly, the attached microorganisms affect nematodes and reduce their performance on the host plants. We have previously shown that some non-parasitic bacterial strains isolated from the cuticle of Meloidogyne hapla in different soils affected J2 mortality, motility, hatching, and root invasion. Here we tested whether cuticle-attached microbes trigger plant defenses upon penetration of J2. In in vitro assays, M. hapla J2-attached microbes from a suppressive soil induced pathogenassociated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) in tomato roots. All tested PTIresponsive defense genes were upregulated after root invasion of J2 with attached microbes, compared to surface-sterilized J2, particularly the jasmonic acid-mediated PTI marker genes TFT1 and GRAS4.1. The strain Microbacterium sp. K6, that was isolated from the cuticle, significantly reduced root invasion when attached to the J2. Attached K6 cells supported plant defense and counteracted suppression of plant basal defense in roots by invaded J2. The plant response to the J2-attached K6 cells was stronger in leaves than in roots, and it increased from 1 to 3 days post inoculation (dpi). At 1 dpi, the plant responded to J2-attached K6 cells by ameliorating the J2-triggered down-regulation of defense genes mostly in roots, while at 3 dpi this response was systemic and more pronounced in leaves. In a reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, the compounds released from J2 with attached K6 cells triggered a stronger ROS burst in tomato roots than the compounds from nematodes without K6, or the metabolites released from strain K6 alone. Leaves showed a 100 times more sensitive response than roots, and the metabolites of K6 with or without J2 induced strong ROS bursts. In conclusion, our results suggest the importance of microorganisms that attach to M. hapla in suppressive soil, inducing early basal defenses in plants and suppressing nematode performance in roots.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbes Attaching to Endoparasitic Phytonematodes in Soil Trigger Plant Defense Upon Root Penetration by the Nematode

et al. 2020

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“…These groups had lower mean reproductive factor estimates than the first group of 2.08 and 1.63 respectively. And at last, the group IV formed by the clones Apoatã and C12 that have Although used as a criterion to classify plant resistance to nematodes, other authors have reported limitations in the use of the number of galls for the diagnosis of resistance (Saucet et al, 2016;Barcala, et al, 2016;Sato;Kadota;Shirasu, 2019); since resistant plants can form galls in the presence of few nematodes and susceptible plants might not produce galls (Santos et al 2017). According to Araujo Filho and Dallagnol (2018), the resistance response of plants does not prevent the penetration of roots by juveniles (J2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance of new Coffea canephora clones to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in the western amazon

Rudnick

Junior

Fernandes

et al. 2020

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Root-knot disease is among the main diseases affecting coffee crop. The plant selection to the development new resistant cultivars is among one the most efficient methods of control. The present work aimed to quantify the resistance responses of Coffea canephora clones to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in the Western Amazon. For this, 17 previously selected clones were evaluated in three experimental trials, carried out in the municipalities of Ji-Paraná and Porto Velho, Rondônia. The resistance to root-knot nematodes M. incognita were evaluated by the numbers of gall in the roots (NG) and by the reproductive factor (RF). The resistance response was also interpreted according the genetic diversity of the clones based in their morphological traits. The clones BRS3210, C12, BRS2314, BRS3137 and BRS1216 are resistant to M. incognita with RF of 0.34, 0.62, 0.79, 0.86 and 0.98, respectively. BRS3213, C125, C15, BRS2336, BRS3220 and C09 clones were classified as susceptible, with RF of 1.93, 1.95, 2.00, 2.31, 2.32 and 2.35. The BRS3193, C160 and BRS2357 clones were classified as very susceptible, with RF values of 3.03, 4.41 and 5.82, respectively. The clustering based on the genetic diversity of morphological traits indicated that genotypes more similar to the Robusta botanic variety had lower RF. The hybrid plants showed intermediate degrees of resistance indicating the segregation for the character of the M. incognita resistance. The clones BRS3210, C12, BRS2299, BRS2314, BRS3137 and BRS1216 expressed resistance responses to M. incognita with potential for growing resistant genotypes in the Western Amazon.

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“…PPNs rich in ascaroside (Ascr# 18) induce the plant immune systems trigger production of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, as well as trigger PTI and MAPKs. PPN's induce secondary metabolite production in plants, i.e., chlorogenic acid, ethylene, and flavonoids in roots [127]. These secondary metabolites reduce attraction of nematodes towards plant roots.…”

Section: Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the Potential of Plant Transcription Factors in Developing Climate-Smart Crops: Future Prospects, Challenges, and Opportunities

Shahzad¹,

Jamil²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Crop plants should be resilient to climatic factors in order to feed ever-increasing populations. Plants have developed stress-responsive mechanisms by changing their metabolic pathways and switching the stress-responsive genes. The discovery of plant transcriptional factors (TFs) as key regulators of different biotic and abiotic stresses have opened up new horizons for plant scientists. TFs perceive the signal and switch certain stress-responsive genes on and off by binding to different cis-regulatory elements. The above 50 species of plant TFs have been reported in nature. DREB, bZIP, MYB, NAC, Zinc-finger, HSF, Dof, WRKY, and NF-Y are important with respect to biotic and abiotic stresses whereas the role of many TFs is yet to explore. In this review, we summarize the role of different stress-responsive TFs with respect to biotic and abiotic stresses. Further, challenges and future opportunities linked with TFs for developing climate-resilient crops are also elaborated.

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Plant Immune Responses to Parasitic Nematodes

Cited by 147 publications

References 154 publications

Microbes Attaching to Endoparasitic Phytonematodes in Soil Trigger Plant Defense Upon Root Penetration by the Nematode

Microbes Attaching to Endoparasitic Phytonematodes in Soil Trigger Plant Defense Upon Root Penetration by the Nematode

Resistance of new Coffea canephora clones to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in the western amazon

Harnessing the Potential of Plant Transcription Factors in Developing Climate-Smart Crops: Future Prospects, Challenges, and Opportunities

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