Plant Lipid Droplets and Their Associated Proteins: Potential for Rapid Advances

Huang, Anthony H. C.

doi:10.1104/pp.17.01677

Cited by 209 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…6a; Additional file 8: Data S6). Unlike MLDP that lacks a specific hydrophobic core characteristic, caleosin has hydrophobic segments and a Ca 2+ -binding motif, possesses peroxygenase activities and is believed to be involved in oxylipin synthesis for combating stresses [75]. We recently demonstrated that C. zofingiensis MLDP and caleosins were localized in LDs with a comparable abundance [76].…”

Section: Salt Stress Induces the Expression Of Tag Assembly And Lipidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel insights into salinity-induced lipogenesis and carotenogenesis in the oleaginous astaxanthin-producing alga Chromochloris zofingiensis: a multi-omics study

Mao

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background: Chromochloris zofingiensis, a freshwater alga capable of synthesizing both triacylglycerol (TAG) and astaxanthin, has been receiving increasing attention as a leading candidate producer. While the mechanism of oleaginousness and/or carotenogenesis has been studied under such induction conditions as nitrogen deprivation, high light and glucose feeding, it remains to be elucidated in response to salt stress, a condition critical for reducing freshwater footprint during algal production processes. Results:Firstly, the effect of salt concentrations on growth, lipids and carotenoids was examined for C. zofingiensis, and 0.2 M NaCl demonstrated to be the optimal salt concentration for maximizing both TAG and astaxanthin production. Then, the time-resolved lipid and carotenoid profiles and comparative transcriptomes and metabolomes were generated in response to the optimized salt concentration for congruent analysis. A global response was triggered in C. zofingiensis allowing acclimation to salt stress, including photosynthesis impairment, ROS build-up, protein turnover, starch degradation, and TAG and astaxanthin accumulation. The lipid metabolism involved a set of stimulated biological pathways that contributed to carbon precursors, energy and reductant molecules, pushing and pulling power, and storage sink for TAG accumulation. On the other hand, salt stress suppressed lutein biosynthesis, stimulated astaxanthin biosynthesis (mainly via ketolation), yet had little effect on total carotenoid flux, leading to astaxanthin accumulation at the expense of lutein. Astaxanthin was predominantly esterified and accumulated in a well-coordinated manner with TAG, pointing to the presence of common regulators and potential communication for the two compounds. Furthermore, the comparison between salt stress and nitrogen deprivation conditions revealed distinctions in TAG and astaxanthin biosynthesis as well as critical genes with engineering potential. Conclusions:Our multi-omics data and integrated analysis shed light on the salt acclimation of C. zofingiensis and underlying mechanisms of TAG and astaxanthin biosynthesis, provide engineering implications into future trait improvements, and will benefit the development of this alga for production uses under saline environment, thus reducing the footprint of freshwater.

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Section: Salt Stress Induces the Expression Of Tag Assembly And Lipidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel insights into salinity-induced lipogenesis and carotenogenesis in the oleaginous astaxanthin-producing alga Chromochloris zofingiensis: a multi-omics study

Mao

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…They were enriched in the GO terms related to nucleotide metabolism and translation, and their expression was suppressed in parenchymal cells upon stress treatments (Figure 4H), echoing the delayed development towards mesophyll cells (Figure 4F). Since parenchyma cells play a role in lipid storage and metabolism which are often associated with stress responses (Dionisio-Sese and Tobita, 1998;Huang, 2018), the postponed development towards mesophyll cells not only benefit rice seedlings by reducing the energy spent on photosynthesis but also by promoting the resistance to harsh environments.…”

Section: Abiotic Stress Decelerates the Differentiation Towards Mesopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-cell transcriptome analyses recapitulate the cellular and developmental responses to abiotic stresses in rice

Wang

Huan

Chu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The metabolism and reproduction of plants depend on the division of labors among cells. However, cells with various functions are often studied as a bulk where their specificities were diluted. Here, we apply single-cell RNA sequencing to the aerial part of rice seedlings growing in various environments. We capture the transcriptomes of thousands of cells, identify all major cell types, and reconstruct their developmental trajectories. We find that abiotic stresses not only affect gene expression in a cell-type-specific manner but also have impacts on the physical size of cells and the composition of cell populations. We validate some of these conclusions with microscopy and provide developmental mechanisms with computational analyses. Collectively, our study represents a benchmark-setting data resource of single-cell transcriptome atlas in rice and an illustration of exploiting such resource to drive discoveries in plant biology.

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“…The ER membrane leaflet begins to bulge into the cytoplasm as more lipid accumulates, eventually budding off to form the LD ( Fig. 1; Pyc et al, 2017;Huang, 2018). The LD is a single phospholipid monolayer surrounded by or embedded with LD-associated proteins (Fig.…”

Section: Discovering Lipid Droplet Proteins: From Seeds To Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When needed, lipids are released from LDs and mobilized within the plant (Pyc et al, 2017). Lipid mobilization during the early stages of plant development is not well understood, and only a handful of proteins that regulate LD dynamics have been identified (Pyc et al, 2017;Huang, 2018). It has been suggested that LD proteins act to shield TAGs from lipolytic enzymes; when removed, accessible lipids are extracted and mobilized.…”

Section: Discovering Lipid Droplet Proteins: From Seeds To Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering Lipid Droplet Proteins: From Seeds to Seedlings

Richardson

2020

Plant Physiol.

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Plant Lipid Droplets and Their Associated Proteins: Potential for Rapid Advances

Cited by 209 publications

References 146 publications

Novel insights into salinity-induced lipogenesis and carotenogenesis in the oleaginous astaxanthin-producing alga Chromochloris zofingiensis: a multi-omics study

Novel insights into salinity-induced lipogenesis and carotenogenesis in the oleaginous astaxanthin-producing alga Chromochloris zofingiensis: a multi-omics study

Single-cell transcriptome analyses recapitulate the cellular and developmental responses to abiotic stresses in rice

Discovering Lipid Droplet Proteins: From Seeds to Seedlings

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