Plant Parasitic Nematode Diversity in Pome, Stone and Nut Fruits

Askary, T. H.; Banday, Saba; Iqbal, Uzma; Khan, Akhtar A.; Mir, Mohammad Maqbool; Waliullah, M. I. S.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-1905-7_10

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Despite peach being an economically important crop, the multimillion-dollar peach industry faces several production challenges, including nematode management. Nematodes are soil-inhabiting micro-organisms that feed on plant roots leading to poor root and plant growth, reduced ability to uptake nutrients and water, wilting and dieback, reduced quantitative and qualitative yield, and sometimes the death of the plants [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Ring nematode [ Mesocriconema xenoplax (Raski, 1952) Loof and de Grisse 1989] is one of the major nematode species responsible for substantial damage to peach trees [ 3 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Peach Rootstocks and Winter Cover Crops on Reproduction of Ring Nematode

GC,

Alarcon-Mendoza,

Harshman

et al. 2024

Plants

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Two peach rootstocks (‘Guardian’ and ‘MP-29’) and ten winter cover crops (rye, wheat, barley, triticale, oat, Austrian winter pea, crimson clover, balansa clover, hairy vetch, and daikon radish) were evaluated in a greenhouse environment to determine their suitability to host ring nematode, Mesocriconema xenoplax. Each crop was inoculated with 500 ring nematodes, and the experiments were terminated 60 days after inoculation. The reproduction factor (ratio of final and initial nematode population) ranged from 0 to 13.8, indicating the crops greatly varied in their host suitability to ring nematode. ‘Guardian’ has been known to tolerate ring nematode; however, results from the current study suggest the tolerance statement is anecdotal. Another peach rootstock, ‘MP-29’, was also a good host for ring nematode, suggesting an urgency to develop ring nematode-resistant peach rootstocks. Wheat supported the least to no nematode reproduction while pea supported the greatest reproduction. The rest of the cover crops were poor to good hosts to ring nematodes. Although planting cover crops in peach orchards is not common, employing non or poor host crops can help suppress nematodes in addition to having soil health benefits. Furthermore, peach breeding programs should focus on finding and introgressing ring nematode resistance in commercial rootstocks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Peach Rootstocks and Winter Cover Crops on Reproduction of Ring Nematode

GC,

Alarcon-Mendoza,

Harshman

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…Several diseases, including plant-parasitic nematodes that generate symptoms which are often mistakenly understood as physiological disorders or nutrient or moisture deficiency, seriously damage the tree (Khan et al, 2015). Several species of nematodes seriously harm this crop (Askary et al, 2012). The seedlings of almonds are more vulnerable to phytonematodes invasion, therefore, attempts should be made to develop approaches to manage almond nematodes (Khan et al, 2015;Gradziel, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Fungal Diseases of Almond in District Loralai and Ziarat

Ahmad¹,

Muhammad²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2022

Pak. J. Phytopathol.

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Current research was designed to check the disease incidence (DI) of fungal diseases of almonds in different areas of district Loralai and Ziarat of province Balochistan. The villages of district Ziarat in which surveys were conducted included Inzer-gut, Short-cut, Baghao, Pasra, Regorha, Kanobai and Aghberga, while the villages of district Loralai included Pathan kot, Shah karez, Durgai, Zingi wala, Shah bozai, Mehwala, Marga and kibzai. Three surveys were conducted to record the DI of different diseases. In each village of districts, 07 orchards were selected randomly and then five corners of each orchard were selected randomly to observe different fungal diseases and record DI. These surveys were conducted during the blossoming, pre-harvest and post-harvest stages from May 2020 to April 2021. In the current research, we have presented the DI of different diseases in a percentage. Seven diseases were identified in districts Ziarat and Loralai. DI of anthracnose of almond was significantly high 35% in Ziarat and 30% in Loralai. The disease incidence of leaf rust of almonds in Ziarat was 18% and in Loralai 12%, respectively. The disease incidence of Armillaria root rot in Ziarat was 13% and same in Loralai. Alternaria leaf spot in Loralai was 9% and 3% in Ziarat; powdery mildew in Ziarat 7% and Loralai 5%; phytophthora root rot in Ziarat 6% and in Loralai 4% and green fruit rot in Ziarat 1% and Loralai it was also 1%. The present study revealed that several fungal diseases attack the almond trees cultivated in Ziarat and Loralai, and these diseases could be the hindrance in getting potential yield of almond in these two districts of Balochistan.

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“…Their occurrence on tree crops is often associated with reduced yields, on many fruit species. Losses induced on the world main horticultural crops caused by PPN are estimated at 13.5% [Askary et al 2012]. Roots damaged by nematodes use less efficiently both water and nutrients available in the soil.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of orchard site and climatic conditions on plant nematode density levels

Rutkowski

2022

asphc

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Phytoparasitic nematodes are commonly found in the soil and their presence can lead to plant diseases, weaker growth, reduced yields and lower fruit quality. A study conducted in 2006–2009, involving the monitoring of climatic conditions, identified the influence of precipitation and temperature on the number of nematodes, in 7 sites within a cherry orchard. Soil samples to assess nematode populations were taken from 7 sites that differed in terms of cultivation and age: 5 cherry orchards established in different years. Not all nematode taxa responded in the same way to temperature increase. Members of the families Belonolaimidae, Trichodoridae and the genus Aphelenchus increased in number with rising temperatures. The negative water balance limited the number of nematodes in the soil in the layer up to 30 cm, whereas the increase in soil moisture had a positive effect on the development of Paratylenchus spp., and mebers of the family Hoplolaimidae and Heterodera. The largest total number of nematodes was found on the strip cultivated with agricultural crops after orchard liquidation. However, parasitic nematodes accounted for were at low levels (17%). The size of fruits from trees growing on sites with a large number of nematodes decreased with a simultaneous increase in total soluble solids and fruit firmness.

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Plant Parasitic Nematode Diversity in Pome, Stone and Nut Fruits

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

The Impact of Peach Rootstocks and Winter Cover Crops on Reproduction of Ring Nematode

The Impact of Peach Rootstocks and Winter Cover Crops on Reproduction of Ring Nematode

Current Status of Fungal Diseases of Almond in District Loralai and Ziarat

Effect of orchard site and climatic conditions on plant nematode density levels

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