Plant pathogens in a changing world

Scherm, H.; Coakley, Stella Melugin

doi:10.1071/ap03015

Cited by 76 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…However, we would emphasize that endemic pests are much more likely to have antagonists and natural enemies in their naturalized habitat (Torchin et al 2003). In contrast, invasive pests in new geographical ranges tend to by limited more by climate than by biotic interactions (Scherm and Coakley 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether the introduction of a new species results in its becoming invasive or not depends, in part, on the biological and physical characteristics of the habitat where it is initially introduced. Those habitat characteristics are greatly influenced by climate (Scherm and Coakley 2003). Climate, in turn, is being altered by human activity (IPCC 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invasive species and climate change: an agronomic perspective

et al. 2010

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In the current review we wish to draw attention to an additional aspect of invasive species and climate change, that of agricultural productivity and food security. We recognize that at present, such a review remains, in part, speculative, and more illustrative than definitive. However, recent events on the global stage, particularly in regard to the number of food riots that occurred during 2008, even at a time of record harvests, have prompted additional interest in those factors, including invasive species, which could, through climatic uncertainty, alter food production. To that end, as agricultural scientists, we wish to begin an initial evaluation of key questions related to food production and climate change including: how vulnerable is agriculture to invasive species?; are current pest management strategies sufficient to control invasive outbreaks in the future?; what are the knowledge gaps?; can we provide initial recommendations for scientists, land managers and policy makers in regard to available resources? Our overall goals are to begin a synthesis of potential impacts on productivity, to identify seminal research areas that can be addressed in

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive species and climate change: an agronomic perspective

et al. 2010

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“…To be able to identify these evolutionary processes of pathogen populations and to update short-term disease forecasting models with this information, long-term data sets from field observations are required. They will also help discriminating population shifts due to ecotypes adapted to changed climate from pathogen alterations driven by agronomical changes in the cropping systems (Scherm and Coakley 2003). In summary, the information gained with long-term data sets may help to improve the accuracy of modelling approaches significantly (Jeger and Pautasso 2008).…”

Section: Racca Et Al 2012mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and potential future risks through wheat diseases: a review

2012

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This review summarizes the most significant results from the so far existing, but fragmented studies on the potential effects of climate change on wheat pathogens and the diseases they cause. The analysis demonstrates that predictions are uncertain and future disease risk trends must be differentiated on a geographic and time scale. For example, disease incidence of Fusarium head blight in the United Kingdom might increase middle of this century, whereas disease severity of Septoria tritici blotch might decrease in France end of this century. Thus, wheat disease problems caused by a changing climate will probably not consistently worsen, as climatic changes may also improve the crop health situation in wheat depending on the location. The results of long-term simulations of future disease risk must be taken with caution, because different climate models and downscaling methods are used to make the projections and this can create considerable uncertainty. Being aware of this short-coming, plant pathologists recently started to assess the sources of uncertainty related to their long-term disease simulations. However, in spite of this progress there is still a significant lack of simulation studies related to different wheat diseases in various locations that could help to estimate future wheat grain losses due to climatic changes. Many more of these studies are certainly needed. Otherwise, the focus in the climate change debate will remain on the yield loss/gain potential due to changes in the environmental conditions only, which would neglect the important impact of altered biotic constraints such as diseases which are among the key factors in the estimation of future global wheat productivity.

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“…Temporal variability in climate can be used to draw inference about the potential effects of climate change through the argument that temporary effects of a year with unusual climatic features are likely to represent the effects of longer-term changes. More recently, Scherm (126,127) has identified three continuing problems with the application of models for predicting climate change effects on disease. First, model inputs have a high degree of uncertainty (75, 125).…”

Section: Models For Disease Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Effects on Plant Disease: Genomes to Ecosystems

Garrett

Dendy

Frank

et al. 2006

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

815

536

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Research in the effects of climate change on plant disease continues to be limited, but some striking progress has been made. At the genomic level, advances in technologies for the high-throughput analysis of gene expression have made it possible to begin discriminating responses to different biotic and abiotic stressors and potential trade-offs in responses. At the scale of the individual plant, enough experiments have been performed to begin synthesizing the effects of climate variables on infection rates, though pathosystemspecific characteristics make synthesis challenging. Models of plant disease have now been developed to incorporate more sophisticated climate predictions. At the population level, the adaptive potential of plant and pathogen populations may prove to be one of the most important predictors of the magnitude of climate change effects. Ecosystem ecologists are now addressing the role of plant disease in ecosystem processes and the challenge of scaling up from individual infection probabilities to epidemics and broader impacts.

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Plant pathogens in a changing world

Cited by 76 publications

References 58 publications

Invasive species and climate change: an agronomic perspective

Invasive species and climate change: an agronomic perspective

Climate change and potential future risks through wheat diseases: a review

Climate Change Effects on Plant Disease: Genomes to Ecosystems

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