Plant pollination calendar of the Southern Сoast of Crimea and elimination therapy at the resort

Abstract

Air-aerosol pollen of plants can influence the results of climatotherapy and elimination therapy of respiratory allergic diseases. The diversity of the flora, the poorly studied prevalence and etiology of pollinosis on the Southern coast of the Crimea determine the need for aeropalinological studies of this region to optimize the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with respiratory sensitization.
 Objective To determine the content of plant pollen in the air, to develop a calendar of palination of plants in the Yalta resort, to identify periods that are potentially unfavorable for the stay of patients with pollen sensitization on the Southern coast of the Crimea.
 Material and methods Plant pollen in the air was determined gravimetrically. The taxonomic affiliation was identified and the amount of pollen deposited on the glass-traps in the coastal and foothill areas of Yalta city was calculated. The data obtained were averaged over the city as a whole.
 Results In 2011-2013, 19 pollen taxa were identified in the air of the resort, including 10 with sensitizing properties. Of these, cypress pollen accounted for 49.7% of the average annual amount, deciduous trees with allergenic pollen 4.7%, cereals and weeds 1.6% each. 79.0% of pollen was recorded in spring, 7.7% in summer, 8.6% in autumn, 4.7% in winter. In the air of the coastal area of the city, 2.2 times less pollen was detected than in the air of the foothill. Three waves of plants pollination were revealed: winter-spring pollination of trees and shrubs, late spring pollination of cereals, summer-autumn pollination of weeds. The calendar of pollination of plants of the Yalta resort has been developed.
 Conclusion The greatest risk of sensitization and exacerbation of respiratory allergies in the Yalta resort is created by cypress pollen in March April. The most favorable for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with respiratory allergies is the coastal area of the resort. The developed plant pollination calendar allows predicting unfavorable aeropalinological periods, optimizing the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with pollen sensitization at the Yalta resort.