Plant Regeneration of Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) via Organogenesis

Abstract

<jats:p>Two periwinkle cultivars, Pacific Coral (P1) and Sunstorm Rose (P2), were used for development of a plant regeneration system. Leaf and internodal explants collected from in vitro plants were plated onto woody plant medium (WPM) using a factorial arrangement of 6-benzyladeine (BA) and 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Shoots were successfully regenerated. Shoot production from leaf tissues was minimal for all cultivars, whereas internodal tissues showed variable rates of regeneration depending on the hormone combination. Cultivar P1 showed the maximum regeneration rate (73.3%) when internodal explants, 4 to 6 mm in length, were placed on WPM containing 5 μ<jats:sc>m</jats:sc> BA and 5 μ<jats:sc>m</jats:sc> NAA. Cultivar P2 showed a regeneration rate of 56.7% with a combination of 20 μ<jats:sc>m</jats:sc> BA and 10 μ<jats:sc>m</jats:sc> NAA. Shoot regeneration rate increased as the internodal explant size increased for P2; however, the regeneration rate decreased when the explant size was greater than 7 mm for P1. The shoot regeneration rate decreased as the period of the dark treatment of internodal explants increased in both P1 and P2. The antibiotics carbenicillin (Carb) and cefotaxime (Cef) had little effect on shoot regeneration. There was a slightly higher rate observed for P1 when Cef was added into the medium, whereas P2 showed a decrease with the addition of Cef. Carb showed no significant effect on shoot regeneration for both cultivars. Addition of both Carb and Cef to the medium slightly inhibited shoot regeneration.</jats:p>

Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity in Callus, Somaclonal Variant, and Normal Green Shoot Tissues of Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don

“…There was no root formation in the absence of IBA; similar results have been reported in C. roseus [19,28]. Rooting of the in vitro-developed shoots of C. roseus was observed on auxin-free medium [25,26,36]. Differences in the rooting ability of micro shoots may be due to the endogenous levels of PGRs.…”

“…Sucrose is a frequent carbon source in tissue culture media that plays an important role in culture initiation and development and metabolite production [33]. High-level sucrose supplementation (6%) enhances the biomass and phytochemical content of C. roseus cell suspension cultures [34,35], while low-dose sucrose supplementation (2%) has been used in woody plant medium for adventitious shoot regeneration in C. roseus [36]. Other carbon sources also affect the somatic embryo maturation of C. roseus [37].…”

Induced genetic and morphological changes in Catharanthus roseus L. by cold atmospheric plasma

“…Genetic changes are among the possible ways to increase C. roseus medicinal components. Gamma radiation, UV irritation, somaclonal variation are common ways of increasing growth and medicinal components such as antioxidants and alkaloids (Swanberg & Dai, 2008;Zargar et al, 2010;Verma et al, 2012;Fatima et al, 2015).…”

Clonal cleaning and in vitro multiplication of Angelonia integerrima sprengel

“…In a study with two cultivars of Catharanthus roseus, the authors verified higher regeneration rate in larger explants (7 to 9 mm) in cultivar 'Sunstorm Rose'. For cultivar 'Pacific Coral', intermediate size explants (5 to 7 mm) presented higher regeneration rate (SWANBERG; DAI, 2008). Only few studies have taken explant size into account in in vitro multiplication, since size is related to explant age (SWANBERG; DAI, 2008).…”

“…For cultivar 'Pacific Coral', intermediate size explants (5 to 7 mm) presented higher regeneration rate (SWANBERG; DAI, 2008). Only few studies have taken explant size into account in in vitro multiplication, since size is related to explant age (SWANBERG; DAI, 2008). Given the results, it is assumed that smaller explants were more stimulated by BAP at the establishment stage, since this regulator is close to the meristem.…”