Plant Response to Salt Stress and Role of Exogenous Protectants to Mitigate Salt-Induced Damages

Hasanuzzaman, Mirza; Nahar, Kamrun; Fujita, Masayuki

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4747-4_2

Cited by 377 publications

(287 citation statements)

References 256 publications

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“…In recent decades, exogenous application of protectant such as osmoprotectants, phytohormones, signaling molecules, trace elements, etc., have shown beneficial effect on plants grown under heat tolerance as these protectants has growth promoting and antioxidant capacity [64][65][66][67]. Accumulation of osmolytes such as proline, glycine betaine and trehalose is a well-known adaptive mechanism in plants against abiotic stress conditions including heat tolerance.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Thermotolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Stress Responses and Thermotolerance

Hemantaranjan¹,

Bhanu²,

Singh³

et al. 2014

APAR

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climate change is that most agricultural regions will experience additional extreme environmental fluctuations [2]. Direct injuries due to high temperatures include protein denaturation and aggregation and increased fluidity of membrane lipids. Indirect or slower heat injuries include inactivation of enzymes in chloroplast and mitochondria, inhibition of protein synthesis, protein degradation and loss of membrane integrity [3]. Heat stress also affects the organization of microtubules by splitting and/or elongation of spindles, formation of microtubule asters in mitotic cells and elongation of phragmoplast microtubules [4].The unfavourable effects of heat stress can be mitigated by developing crop plants with improved thermotolerance using an assortment of genetic approaches. For this reason, a thorough understanding of physiological responses of plants to high temperature, mechanisms of heat tolerance and possible strategies for improving crop thermotolerance is crucial. Acquiring thermotolerance is a lively progression by which considerable amounts of plant resources are diverted to structural and functional maintenance to escape damages caused by heat stress. Although biochemical and molecular aspects of thermotolerance in plants are relatively well understood, additional studies focused on phenotypic flexibility and assimilate partitioning under heat stress and factors modulating crop heat tolerance are imperative. High temperature during seed germination may slow down or totally inhibit germination, depending on plant species and the intensity of the stress [5]. At later stages, high IntroductionFuture global climate change, with predicted 1.5-5.8 °C increases in temperatures by 2100 has to cause heat stress to create threats to agricultural production [1]. An increase in global temperature ranging from 1.1 to 6.4 °C depending on global emissions scenarios, will accompany the rises in atmospheric CO 2 . Though high temperature and other abiotic stresses are clearly limiting factors for crops cultivated on marginal lands, crop productivity far and wide is often at the mercy of random environmental fluctuations. Existing assumption about global Heat Stress Responses and Thermotolerance AbstractThe rising ambient temperature by plant cells is crucial for the timely activation of various molecular defences before the appearance of heat damage. The heat-threshold level varies considerably at different developmental stages. With a view to survive under heat stress, mechanisms of regulation at the molecular level enable plants to prosper. Traditional breeding contributed for improving heat tolerance meagrely. The genetic transformation approach needs to be accelerated that can mitigate harmful effects by developing improved thermotolerance of crop plants. In this background, a thorough understanding of physiological responses of plants to high temperature, mechanisms of heat tolerance and possible strategies is vital. Temperature changes are sensed through cellular responses due to signal transduction into the c...

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Section: Mechanisms Of Thermotolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Stress Responses and Thermotolerance

Hemantaranjan¹,

Bhanu²,

Singh³

et al. 2014

APAR

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“…Similarly, VCs produced by certain PGPR strains also improved plant growth under salt stress (Zhang et al 2008, 2010; Vaishnav et al 2015, 2016; Ledger et al 2016). Decreased leaf surface area and chlorophyll content are common plant responses to salt stress, resulting in reduced photosynthesis and growth (Netondo et al 2004; Hasanuzzaman et al 2013; Negrão et al 2017). The ability of F. oxysporum and V. dahliae VCs to maintain leaf surface area and to prevent chlorophyll degradation seems to mitigate the adverse effect of salt stress on photosynthesis, thus helping sustain growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maintenance of plant hormone homeostasis protects plants from salt-induced damages (Hasanuzzaman et al 2013; Deinlein et al 2014). The involvement of auxin in plant stress tolerance has been well established (Fu and Wang 2011; Pieterse et al 2012; Naseem et al 2015; Forni et al 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do volatile compounds produced by Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae affect stress tolerance in plants?

Kang

2018

Mycology

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Volatile compounds (VCs) produced by diverse microbes seem to affect plant growth, development and/or stress tolerance. We investigated how VCs released by soilborne fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae affect Arabidopsis thaliana responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Under salt stress, VCs from both fungi helped its growth and increased chlorophyll content. However, in contrast to wild-type A. thaliana (Col-0), V. dahliae VCs failed to increase leaf surface area in auxin signalling mutants aux1-7, tir1-1 and axr1-3. Compared to wild-type Col-0, the degree of lateral root density enhanced by V. dahliae VCs in these mutants was also reduced. Consistent with the involvement of auxin signalling in fungal VC-mediated salt torelance, A. thaliana line carrying DR5::GUS displayed increased auxin accumulation in root apex upon exposure to V. dahliae VCs, and 1-naphthylphthalamic acid, an auxin transport inhibitor, adversely affected V. dahliae VC-mediated salt tolerance. F. oxysporum VCs induced the expression of PR1 but not PDF1.2 in A. thaliana lines containing PR1::GUS and PFD1.2::GUS. When challenged with Pseudomonas syringae after the exposure to F. oxysporum VCs, A. thaliana showed reduced disease symptoms. However, the number of bacterial cells in F. oxysporum VC-treated plants was not significantly different from that in control plants.

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“…Since the K + is a major cellular component related to the osmotic balance of the cell and the salt stress affect directly this balance, a way to meet this demand is the osmolytes production supported by plants, such as proline (Shabala and Pottosin, 2014), which actively respond to induce mitigation of the adverse effects caused by osmotic stress (Hasanuzzaman et al, 2013;Miri and Mohammad, 2013), as for example the prevention of free radical production or capturing of ROS (Harir and Mittler, 2009). The outcome of increased proline concentration on saline stress has been extensively studied in plants, such as sorghum (De Lacerda et al, 2003), rice (Lima et al, 2004) and canola (Saadia et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to in vitro salt stress in sugarcane is conditioned by concentration and condition of exposure to NaCl

Granja¹,

Medeiros²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

Acta biol. Colomb.

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Salinity is one of the major environmental stress factors that affect crop productivity, as well as interfering with plant growth and development, resulting in reduced production quality. Given this, we highlight the importance of research in response to plants subjected to salt stress in order to assess the physiological and biochemical behavior of genotypes, with the objective of selecting the more tolerant. One way to ensure the uniformity of the response of the plants is through in vitro cultivation, which allows control of the cultivation conditions. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the response of two commercial varieties of sugar cane exposed to saline stress in different conditions (gradual and abrupt). Two varieties of sugarcane (RB931011 and RB872552) were subjected to in vitro salt stress by NaCl (56 mM and 112 mM), either gradually or suddenly. The responses of the enzymatic antioxidant system (catalase, peroxidases and ascorbate peroxidase) and free proline, as well as the Na + and K + contents, were assessed 30 days after the beginning of the treatments. Differences were observed in the responses of the varieties as a function of the induction mode of salt stress, graded or by shock, rather than as a function of the NaCl concentrations in the culture medium. The stress response is therefore conditioned not only by salt concentration, but also by the form of exposure to salt.Keywords: antioxidant enzymes, in vitro culture, oxidative stress, salinity. RESUMENLa salinidad es uno de los principales factores de estrés ambiental, además de interferir en el crecimiento de las plantas perjudica directamente la producción agrícola. En ese contexto, se destaca la importancia de investigaciones direccionadas a la respuesta de las plantas sometidas al estrés salino, con el fin de evaluar el comportamiento fisiológico y bioquímico con el objetivo de seleccionar genotipos tolerantes a dicha condición. Una de las técnicas más utilizadas para uniformizar la respuesta de las plantas a una condición en particular es el cultivo de tejidos in vitro. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la respuesta de dos variedades comerciales de caña de azúcar (RB931011 e RB872552) expuestas a estrés salino con NaCl (56 mM e 112 mM) en diferentes condiciones, gradual y abrupta. Las respuestas del sistema antioxidante enzimático (catalasa, peroxidasa y ascorbato peroxidasa) y prolina libre, asi como las concentraciones de Na + e K + fueron evaluadas 30 días después del inicio de los tratamientos. Fueron observadas diferencias en la respuesta de las variedades en función del modo de inducción del estrés salino, graduado o abrupto, y no solo en función de las concentraciones de NaCl en el medio de cultivo. La respuesta al estrés es condicionada no solo por la concentración de sal sino también por la forma de exposición al medio salino.Palabras clave: cultivo in vitro, enzimas antioxidantes, estrés oxidativo, salinidad.

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Plant Response to Salt Stress and Role of Exogenous Protectants to Mitigate Salt-Induced Damages

Cited by 377 publications

References 256 publications

Heat Stress Responses and Thermotolerance

Heat Stress Responses and Thermotolerance

Do volatile compounds produced by Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae affect stress tolerance in plants?

Response to in vitro salt stress in sugarcane is conditioned by concentration and condition of exposure to NaCl

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