Plant roots increase both decomposition and stable organic matter formation in boreal forest soil

Adamczyk, Bartosz; Sietiö, Outi‐Maaria; Straková, Petra; Prommer, Judith; Wild, Birgit; Hagner, Marleena; Pihlatie, Mari; Fritze, Hannu; Richter, Andreas; Heinonsalo, Jussi

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1

Cited by 142 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In boreal forest ecosystems, plants produce astonishing amounts of tannins and their associated ectomycorrhizal fungi are also very abundant – their hyphal biomass reaching up to 600 kg ha −1 . Formation of complexes between root‐derived tannins and mycorrhizal fungi rich in proteins and chitin become thus very likely and indicate a potentially significant mechanism for C stabilization . Given that mycorrhizal fungal compounds react with tannins, it can be expected that first‐order roots and high tannin contents are the primary source for complex formation which was shown in a recent study in which first‐order roots had the lowest decomposition rates among 35 temperate wood species .…”

Section: The Influence Of the Interactions Between Root Litter And Fumentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For example, decomposition is affected via the quantity and quality of the provided substrate. Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) can affect both SOM stabilization and decomposition . Their potential effect on decomposition and stabilization processes in the soil can be significant, because PSMs can comprise up to 30 % of dry weight of plants and their concentration depends on species, age, organ, as well as environmental conditions including soil nutrient status .…”

Section: The Influence Of the Interactions Between Root Litter And Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of Carbon Sequestration in Highly Organic Ecosystems – Importance of Chemical Ecology

2020

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Organic matter decomposition plays a major role in the cycling of carbon (C) and nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems across the globe. Climate change accelerates the decomposition rate to potentially increase the release of greenhouse gases and further enhance global warming in the future. However, fractions of organic matter vary in turnover times and parts are stabilized in soils for longer time periods (C sequestration). Overall, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying C sequestration is needed for the development of effective mitigation policies to reduce land-based production of greenhouse gases. Known mechanisms of C sequestration include the recalcitrance of C input, interactions with soil minerals, aggregate formation, as well as its regulation via abiotic factors. In this Minireview, we discuss the mechanisms behind C sequestration including the recently emerging significance of biochemical interactions between organic matter inputs that lead to C stabilization.

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Section: The Influence Of the Interactions Between Root Litter And Fumentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Influence Of the Interactions Between Root Litter And Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Carbon Sequestration in Highly Organic Ecosystems – Importance of Chemical Ecology

2020

Self Cite

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“…In exchange, plants obtain nutrients, such as N, P K from fungi. The symbiosis enhances the decomposition process, which is usually classified as heterotrophic respiration (Fontaine et al 2007;Chen et al 2014;Adamczyk et al 2019). This is often referred to as the priming effect (Bingeman et al 1953).…”

Section: Plant-microbe Interactions In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen cycling from the perspective of boreal Scots pine trees

Korhonen¹

2020

Diss. For.

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Nitrogen (N) and associated carbon (C) cycling were studied in an N-limited boreal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest in Hyytiälä, southern Finland and were compared to two Nrich temperate forests, the Speulderbos Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) forest in the Netherlands and the Sorø European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest in Denmark. Nitrogen and carbon cycling in the Scots pine forest were modelled. These results were compared to continuous year-round observations to obtain an overall understanding of nutrient cycling in the forest. The N balance of the Scots pine forest was calculated based on direct measurements, measurement-based estimations and model results. Nitrogen uptake and resorption by trees were estimated based on continuous measurements. Litter fall dynamics of the Scots pine and Douglas fir forest were compared. Scots pine needle N dynamics were compared between the three forests. Soil was the main N storage in the boreal Scots pine forest and most of this N was in recalcitrant form. Scots pine trees were very efficient at saving and recycling N. This together with atmospheric N deposition, potential N uptake by the canopy and organic N uptake mean that the importance of mineralization as the process driving N cycling may have been overestimated. Most of the N was allocated simply to replace dead tissue in the Scots pine forest. This means that the additional N received via N deposition may significantly increase the N pool size that trees have for extending their biomass N (net growth). Because Scots pine trees were found to be dependent on efficient N use and recycling, this adversely also means that even slight snow and storm damages may cause foliar biomass to decrease due to reduced relocation on top of the direct effect of losing the foliage due to damage, affecting forest carbon sink strength.

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“…The rhizosphere, the area of soils conformed by the fine roots and the microorganisms directly associated with them, has been shown to be of great importance to soil C and nutrient dynamics ( Adamczyk et al, 2019 ; Kriiska et al, 2019 ). Fine root dynamics and activity includes the production of biomass and necromass as well as a continuous release of exudates from roots that is the base food for a large community of soil microorganisms and soil fauna (e.g., detritivores, herbivores) ( Juan-Ovejero et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KEYLINK: towards a more integrative soil representation for inclusion in ecosystem scale models. I. review and model concept

Deckmyn

Flores

Mayer

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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The relatively poor simulation of the below-ground processes is a severe drawback for many ecosystem models, especially when predicting responses to climate change and management. For a meaningful estimation of ecosystem production and the cycling of water, energy, nutrients and carbon, the integration of soil processes and the exchanges at the surface is crucial. It is increasingly recognized that soil biota play an important role in soil organic carbon and nutrient cycling, shaping soil structure and hydrological properties through their activity, and in water and nutrient uptake by plants through mycorrhizal processes. In this article, we review the main soil biological actors (microbiota, fauna and roots) and their effects on soil functioning. We review to what extent they have been included in soil models and propose which of them could be included in ecosystem models. We show that the model representation of the soil food web, the impact of soil ecosystem engineers on soil structure and the related effects on hydrology and soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization are key issues in improving ecosystem-scale soil representation in models. Finally, we describe a new core model concept (KEYLINK) that integrates insights from SOM models, structural models and food web models to simulate the living soil at an ecosystem scale.

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Plant roots increase both decomposition and stable organic matter formation in boreal forest soil

Cited by 142 publications

References 67 publications

Mechanisms of Carbon Sequestration in Highly Organic Ecosystems – Importance of Chemical Ecology

Mechanisms of Carbon Sequestration in Highly Organic Ecosystems – Importance of Chemical Ecology

Nitrogen cycling from the perspective of boreal Scots pine trees

KEYLINK: towards a more integrative soil representation for inclusion in ecosystem scale models. I. review and model concept

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