Plant Semiochemicals – Perception and Behavioural Responses by Insects

Reinecke, Andreas; Hilker, Monika

doi:10.1002/9781118829783.ch4

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Sensory perception of volatiles by insects relies on olfactory sensilla, primarily located on the antennae. These sensilla are innervated by olfactory receptor neurons, and a wide variety of receptor neuron types can be found among insect taxa (Martin et al ., ; Reinecke & Hilker, ). Parasitoid species may differ in their ability to detect volatile compounds, which impacts their ability to discriminate between volatile blends, and the distance from which they can track volatile‐emitting plants (Gouinguené et al ., ).…”

Section: Formation Of the Volatile Mosaic And Insect Behavioural Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles and tritrophic interactions across spatial scales

et al. 2017

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SummaryHerbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are an important cue used in herbivore location by carnivorous arthropods such as parasitoids. The effects of plant volatiles on parasitoids have been well characterised at small spatial scales, but little research has been done on their effects at larger spatial scales. The spatial matrix of volatiles (‘volatile mosaic’) within which parasitoids locate their hosts is dynamic and heterogeneous. It is shaped by the spatial pattern of HIPV‐emitting plants, the concentration, chemical composition and breakdown of the emitted HIPV blends, and by environmental factors such as wind, turbulence and vegetation that affect transport and mixing of odour plumes. The volatile mosaic may be exploited differentially by different parasitoid species, in relation to species traits such as sensory ability to perceive volatiles and the physical ability to move towards the source. Understanding how HIPVs influence parasitoids at larger spatial scales is crucial for our understanding of tritrophic interactions and sustainable pest management in agriculture. However, there is a large gap in our knowledge on how volatiles influence the process of host location by parasitoids at the landscape scale. Future studies should bridge the gap between the chemical and behavioural ecology of tritrophic interactions and landscape ecology.

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Section: Formation Of the Volatile Mosaic And Insect Behavioural Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles and tritrophic interactions across spatial scales

et al. 2017

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“…Herbivores establish preferences through different types of host-cues (9)(10)(11)(12). Chemical cues, including plant primary and secondary metabolites, are particularly important for herbivores, as they provide specific information about the identity, physiological status and nutritional value of host plants and tissues (13)(14)(15). The overarching view in the field of chemical ecology is that primary metabolites are used as cues to identify nutritious hosts and tissues, while volatile and nonvolatile secondary metabolites are used as indicators of toxicity and defense status, and as signature cues of specific host plant lineages and species (16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical cue integration is thought to allow herbivores to obtain more accurate information about the nutritional value and toxicity of complex host plant metabolomes (17) and thus to increase the robustness of their foraging decisions (12,29). Many insect herbivores are known to be attracted to specific combinations of volatile chemicals, for instance (14,29). Furthermore, some herbivores avoid combinations of secondary metabolites more strongly than individual compounds (30)(31)(32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex plant metabolomes guide fitness-relevant foraging decisions of a specialist herbivore

Machado

Theepan

Robert

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Plants produce complex mixtures of primary and secondary metabolites. Herbivores use these metabolites as behavioral cues to increase their fitness. However, how herbivores integrate primary and secondary metabolites into fitness-relevant foraging decisions in planta is poorly understood. We developed a molecular manipulative approach to modulate the availability of sugars and benzoxazinoid secondary metabolites as foraging cues for a specialist maize herbivore, the western corn rootworm. By disrupting benzoxazinoid biosynthesis in maize and sugar perception in the western corn rootworm, we show that sugars and benzoxazinoids act as distinct and dynamically integrated mediators of short-distance host finding and acceptance. While sugars improve the capacity of rootworm larvae to find a host plant and to distinguish post-embryonic from less nutritious embryonic roots, benzoxazinoids are specifically required for the latter. Host acceptance in the form of root damage is increased by benzoxazinoids and sugars in an additive manner. This pattern is driven by increasing damage to post-embryonic roots in the presence of benzoxazinoids and sugars. Benzoxazinoid- and sugar-mediated foraging directly improves western corn rootworm growth and survival. Interestingly, western corn rootworm larvae retain a substantial fraction of their capacity to feed and survive on maize plants in the absence of both cues. This study unravels fine-grained differentiation and integration of primary and secondary metabolites into herbivore foraging and documents how the capacity to compensate for the absence of important chemical cues enables a specialist herbivore to survive within unpredictable metabolic landscapes.

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“…In these cases, the behavioral response of insects exposed to a mixture of volatile substances was greater than the response to the components applied individually. This type of interaction has been named “behavioral synergism” [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eugenol-hyperactivated nymphs of Triatoma infestans become intoxicated faster than non-hyperactivated nymphs when exposed to a permethrin-treated surface

et al. 2018

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BackgroundEugenol is a botanical monoterpene that hyperactivates the blood-sucking bug Triatoma infestans, and permethrin is a pyrethroid with a strong triatomicide effect. In the present work, we tested the hypothesis that eugenol-hyperactivated nymphs of T. infestans pick up more insecticide, and then become intoxicated faster, than non-hyperactivated nymphs when exposed to a permethrin-treated surface.ResultsValues of knockdown time 50% (KT50) for third-instar T. infestans exposed to a paper impregnated with permethrin were obtained under the following situations: (a.i.) immediately after topical application of eugenol (KT50: 66.75 min for acetone pre-treated controls, and 46.27 min for eugenol pre-treated nymphs); (a.ii.) 30 min after topical application of eugenol (KT50: 66.79 min for controls, and 66.79 min for eugenol pre-treated nymphs); (b) simultaneously with exposure to eugenol vapors (KT50: 51.90 min for controls, and 39.5 min for nymphs exposed to an eugenol-treated filter paper); and (c) immediately after an injection of eugenol (on average, controls were knocked down after 63.00 min, whereas nymphs injected with eugenol were knocked down after 65.30 min). In other experimental series, the distance traveled (DT) by nymphs exposed to eugenol was quantified in the same situations previously described, but without exposure to permethrin. In (a.i.), the DT in interval 0–30 min after topical application of eugenol was 487.00 (control) and 1127.50 (eugenol) cm; in (a.ii.), the DT in the interval 31–60 min after topical application was 336.75 (control) and 256.75 (eugenol) cm; in (b), DT was 939.08 (control) and 1048.53 (eugenol) cm; and in (c), it was 589.20 (control) and 700.00 (eugenol) cm. The KT50 values for permethrin decreased significantly in situations (a.i.) and (b), and eugenol only produced a significant hyperactivity in the same situations. Finally, the amount of permethrin picked up by non-hyperactivated and hyperactivated nymphs exposed to a film of permethrin was quantified by gas chromatography. Non-hyperactivated nymphs picked up 0.34 μg/insect of permethrin, while hyperactivated nymphs picked up 0.65 μg/insect.ConclusionResults support the hypothesis that eugenol-hyperactivated nymphs of T. infestans pick up more insecticide, and then become intoxicated faster, than non-hyperactivated nymphs when exposed to a permethrin-treated surface.

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Plant Semiochemicals – Perception and Behavioural Responses by Insects

Cited by 19 publications

References 273 publications

Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles and tritrophic interactions across spatial scales

Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles and tritrophic interactions across spatial scales

Complex plant metabolomes guide fitness-relevant foraging decisions of a specialist herbivore

Eugenol-hyperactivated nymphs of Triatoma infestans become intoxicated faster than non-hyperactivated nymphs when exposed to a permethrin-treated surface

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