Plant-soil feedbacks help explain biodiversity-productivity relationships

Forero, Leslie E.; Kulmatiski, Andrew; Grenzer, Josephine; Norton, Jeanette M.

doi:10.1038/s42003-021-02329-1

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In the field, where stress, competition, and herbivory were present, we found that plant–soil feedbacks represented 14% of the total overyielding observed in experimental communities, compared with the 37% observed in this study. Results were broadly consistent with a paired field experiment, therefore providing clear support for PSFs as one of several mechanisms that determine the diversity–productivity relationship (Forero et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…In both the greenhouse and the field, PSFs improved Null model predictions of plant community biomass. Furthermore, both PSF and Null model predictions from this greenhouse experiment were correlated with community biomass in the field experiment (Forero et al, 2021). Taken together, results suggested that both plant community composition and PSFs are highly variable in time and space, but that overyielding is common and that PSFs help explain overyielding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…This greenhouse experiment was replicated in the field in a separate study (Forero et al, 2021). Consistent with previous research on greenhouse and field methodologies for measuring PSF, we found that greenhouse‐measured PSF values were not consistent with paired field‐measured PSF (Forero et al, 2019; Heinze et al, 2016; Schittko et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant–soil feedbacks help explain plant community productivity

Forero

Kulmatiski

Grenzer

et al. 2022

Ecology

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Plant productivity often increases with species richness, but the mechanisms explaining this diversity–productivity relationship are not fully understood. We tested if plant–soil feedbacks (PSF) can help to explain how biomass production changes with species richness. Using a greenhouse experiment, we measured all 240 possible PSFs for 16 plant species. At the same time, 49 plant communities with diversities ranging from one to 16 species were grown in replicated pots. A suite of plant community growth models, parameterized with (PSF) or without PSF (Null) effects, was used to predict plant growth observed in the communities. Selection effects and complementarity effects in modeled and observed data were separated. Plants created soils that increased or decreased subsequent plant growth by 25% ± 10%, but because PSFs were negative for C3 and C4 grasses, neutral for forbs, and positive for legumes, the net effect of all PSFs was a 2% ± 17% decrease in plant growth. Experimental plant communities with 16 species produced 37% more biomass than monocultures due to complementarity. Null models incorrectly predicted that 16‐species communities would overyield due to selection effects. Adding PSF effects to Null models decreased selection effects, increased complementarity effects, and improved correlations between observed and predicted community biomass. PSF models predicted 26% of overyielding caused by complementarity observed in experimental communities. Relative to Null models, PSF models improved the predictions of the magnitude and mechanism of the diversity–productivity relationship. Results provide clear support for PSFs as one of several mechanisms that determine diversity–productivity relationships and help close the gap in understanding how biodiversity enhances ecosystem services such as biomass production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant–soil feedbacks help explain plant community productivity

Forero

Kulmatiski

Grenzer

et al. 2022

Ecology

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“…Our results for net diversity effects imply that current drought events and plant-driven mechanisms have a greater impact on linkages between plant species richness and ecosystem functioning than do drought soil legacy effects. Nevertheless, the additive effects of drought soil legacy on net diversity effects support recent assertions that knowledge of plant-soil interactions can improve predictions of plant community growth and diversity-productivity relationships ( 14 , 66 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Drought soil legacy alters drivers of plant diversity-productivity relationships in oldfield systems

Chen

Bahn

et al. 2022

Sci. Adv.

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Ecosystem functions are threatened by both recurrent droughts and declines in biodiversity at a global scale, but the drought dependency of diversity-productivity relationships remains poorly understood. Here, we use a two-phase mesocosm experiment with simulated drought and model oldfield communities (360 experimental mesocosms/plant communities) to examine drought-induced changes in soil microbial communities along a plant species richness gradient and to assess interactions between past drought (soil legacies) and subsequent drought on plant diversity-productivity relationships. We show that (i) drought decreases bacterial and fungal richness and modifies relationships between plant species richness and microbial groups; (ii) drought soil legacy increases net biodiversity effects, but responses of net biodiversity effects to plant species richness are unaffected; and (iii) linkages between plant species richness and complementarity/selection effects vary depending on past and subsequent drought. These results provide mechanistic insight into biodiversity-productivity relationships in a changing environment, with implications for the stability of ecosystem function under climate change.

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“…Wills et al, 2006). A likely reason why terrestrial plant communities are so diverse and resilient to environmental variability is the prevalence of negative plant-soil feedbacks (Forero et al, 2021). The climatic driver that has been studied most in relation to plant-soil feedbacks is drought (Beals et al, 2020).…”

Section: Direction Of Plant-soil Feedback Determines Plant Responses ...mentioning

confidence: 99%