Plant Tissue Culture: A Battle Horse in the Genome Editing Using CRISPR/Cas9

Abstract

Plant tissue culture (PTC) is a set of techniques for culturing cells, tissues, or organs in an aseptic medium with a defined chemical composition, in a controlled environment. Tissue culture, when combined with molecular biology techniques, becomes a powerful tool for the study of metabolic pathways, elucidation of cellular processes, genetic improvement and, through genetic engineering, the generation of cell lines resistant to biotic and abiotic stress, obtaining improved plants of agronomic interest, or studying the complex cellular genome. In this chapter, we analyze in general the use of plant tissue culture, in particular protoplasts and calli, in the implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 technology.

A Review on Flower Bulb Micropropagation: Challenges and Opportunities

“…Like in other plants, gene editing studies are conducted in geophytes as well. In the context of ongoing advancements in genetic engineering, the significance of tissue culture in relation to gene editing is particularly evident [221] Particularly in geophytes of economic importance with high medicinal and aromatic values, we can come across genetic editing studies aimed at increasing the content of important compounds in storage organs or plant parts. Ornamental geophytes, with large genomes, pose research complexities.…”

“…Protoplasts, an essential component of plant tissue culture, play a crucial role in studying various aspects of plant development, physiology, and genetics. The integration of CRISPR/Cas9 technology into protoplast-based systems highlights the convergence of molecular biology tools with tissue culture methods, offering unprecedented opportunities for the study of molecular mechanisms and the advancement of plant breeding techniques [221]. This approach also touches geophytes, even though geophytes have a lot of challenges.…”

Advanced modeling and optimizing for surface sterilization process of grape vine (Vitis vinifera) root stock 3309C through response surface, artificial neural network, and genetic algorithm techniques

“…Plant tissue culture is a well-acknowledged biotechnological approach for crop improvement, the synthesis of phytochemicals, and the in vitro conservation and propagation of numerous plant species [ 1 ]. It involves hypersensitive, accurate, multiple variables and processes that have been included while in view of the extended array of plant tissue culture-based techniques, viz., somatic embryogenesis, protoplast fusion, haploid production, hairy root culture, virus elimination, in vitro conservation, Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation, and very recently in vitro plant tissue culture has been playing a crucial role in genome editing technologies like CRISPR [ [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] ].…”

In Vitro Micropropagation of Pogostemon erectus (Dalzell) Kuntze in Liquid Culture Medium

“…Tissue culture applications have provided significant advantages over the multiple and rapid production of plants (Hussain et al, 2012;Espinosa-Leal et al, 2018). When tissue culture applications are combined with molecular biology techniques, it can become an important tool such as studying metabolic pathways, elucidating cellular processes, obtaining improved plants for the production of biotic and abiotic stress-resistant cell lines through genetic engineering (Hussain et al, 2012;Loyola-Vargas & Avilez-Montalvo, 2018).…”

“…The achievement of tissue culture method is impressed by the content of the culture media. Under in vitro conditions, macronutrients, micronutrients, plant growth regulators, vitamins, amino acids and other nitrogen supplements and sugars (carbon sources) are required for healthy plant growth (Loyola-Vargas & Avilez-Montalvo, 2018;Yaseen et al, 2013).…”