Plant volatiles and color compounds: From biosynthesis to function

Abbas, Farhat; Yu, Yingnian; Bendahmane, Mohammed; Wang, Huicong

doi:10.1111/ppl.13947

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…Floral scents are composed of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with low relative molecular masses, such as terpenoids, phenylpropanoids/benzenoids, and fatty acid derivatives, and include some compounds containing nitrogen or sulfur [1,2]. Floral VOCs have important sensory and aesthetic value in ornamental plants and play a role in attracting insects to ensure pollination and fruiting in all floral plants in general [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the Floral Scent Chemistry of Nymphaea ‘Eldorado’, a Valuable Water Lily, with Different Flowering Stages and Flower Parts

Zhou,

Zhao,

Shi

et al. 2024

Plants

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Nymphaea ‘Eldorado’, a valuable water lily, is a well-known fragrant plant in China. Studying the temporal and spatial characteristics of the floral components of this plant can provide a reference for the further development and utilization of water lily germplasm resources. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to explore the types and relative contents of floral components at different flowering stages (S1: bud stage; S2: initial-flowering stage; S3: full-flowering stage; S4: end-flowering stage) and in different floral organs of N. ‘Elidorado’, combined with the observation of the microscopic structure of petals. A total of 60 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected at different flowering stages, and there were significant differences in floral VOCs at different flowering stages and in different flower organs. The volatile compounds of N. ‘Eldorado’ can be divided into seven chemical classes,, namely, alkenes, alcohols, esters, aldehydes, ketones, alkanes, and others; the most common were alkenes and alkanes. A total of 39, 44, 47, and 42 volatile compounds were detected at S1, S2, S3, and S4. The VOCs present in high concentrations include benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, benzyl acetate, trans-α-bergamotene, α-curcumene, cis-α-farnesene, and so on. The types and total contents of volatiles at the full-flowering stage were higher than at other flowering stages. Comparing the VOCs in different parts of flower organs, it was found that the contents of alcohols, esters, and aldehydes were greatest in the petals, the alkenes in stamens were abundant with a relative content of up to 54.93%, and alkanes in the pistil were higher than in other parts. The types and total contents of volatiles in the stamens of N. ‘Eldorado’ were higher than those in other flower organs; they were the main part releasing fragrance. The observation of petal microstructure revealed that the size and quantity of the papillae on the epidermises of petals, the number of intracellular plastids, and the aggregates of floral components (osmophilic matrix granules) were significantly higher at the full-flowering stage than at the other flowering stages. This study suggested the main flowering stage and location at which the floral VOCs are released by N. ‘Eldorado’ and provided a reference for guiding the breeding of this water lily, exploring genetic patterns and developing related products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the Floral Scent Chemistry of Nymphaea ‘Eldorado’, a Valuable Water Lily, with Different Flowering Stages and Flower Parts

Zhou,

Zhao,

Shi

et al. 2024

Plants

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Exploring the Role of Secondary Metabolites from Plants and Microbes as Modulators of Macrophage Differentiation

Sharma,

Piyushbhai,

Venkatachalam

et al. 2024

CHDDT

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Recent research has uncovered that secondary metabolites-biologically active compounds produced by plants, microbes, and other organisms-play a significant role in regulating the differentiation and function of macrophages. Macrophages, key components of the innate immune system, are crucial for a wide range of physiological processes, including immune response modulation, tissue homeostasis, and host defense against pathogens. This research delves into the mechanisms by which secondary metabolites influence macrophage differentiation signaling pathways, with a focus on how specific compounds affect macrophage polarization and functional phenotypes. Understanding these effects can open new avenues for developing therapeutic strategies that target macrophage-mediated immune responses. Secondary metabolites, such as nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) containing compounds, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds from plants and microbes, can modulate macrophage differentiation by influencing cytokine production and activity. The activation of signaling pathways in macrophages involves multiple receptors and transcription factors, including IFN-γ receptor activation leading to STAT1 activation, TLR4 triggering IRF5, NFκB, and AP1, IL-4 receptor activation leading to STAT6 and IRF4 activation, PPARγ activation via the fatty acid receptor, TLR4 increasing CREB and C/EBP levels. The complex interplay between transcription factors and cytokines is crucial for maintaining the balance between the M1 and M2 states of macrophages. Despite these insights, further research is needed to unravel the specific molecular mechanisms involved and to identify promising secondary metabolites that could be translated into clinical applications.

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Plant volatiles and color compounds: From biosynthesis to function

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

Variation in the Floral Scent Chemistry of Nymphaea ‘Eldorado’, a Valuable Water Lily, with Different Flowering Stages and Flower Parts

Variation in the Floral Scent Chemistry of Nymphaea ‘Eldorado’, a Valuable Water Lily, with Different Flowering Stages and Flower Parts

Exploring the Role of Secondary Metabolites from Plants and Microbes as Modulators of Macrophage Differentiation

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