Plantago australis (Plantaginaceae) produces both chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers: Field work, herbarium and literature-based evidence

Plantago campestris (Plantaginaceae), a rare new species from southern Brazil, supported by phylogenomic and morphological evidence

“…250 species, with most of this diversity concentrated in temperate and high-elevation tropical areas ( Pilger, 1937 ; Rahn, 1978 ; Rahn, 1996 ; Hassemer, De Giovanni & Trevisan, 2016 ; Iwanycki et al, 2019 ). The genus is notable for its reduced, wind-pollinated floral morphology ( Primack, 1978 ; Kuiper & Bos, 1992 ; Hassemer et al, 2020b ), highly variable vegetative morphology ( Rahn, 1974 ; Rahn, 1992 ), complex taxonomy and still not adequately understood evolutionary history ( Rønsted et al, 2002 ; Hoggard et al, 2003 ; Meudt, 2011 ; Hassemer et al, 2019 ; Höpke, Mucina & Albach, 2019 ). The genus has a rich history of ethnopharmaceutical uses, being widely used to treat a number of conditions ( Samuelsen, 2000 ; Weryszko-Chmielewska et al, 2012 ; Gonçalves & Romano, 2016 ).…”