Planted seedling survival in a post-wildfire landscape: From experimental planting to predictive probabilistic surfaces

Marsh, Christopher; Crockett, Joseph L.; Krofcheck, D. J.; Keyser, Alisa R.; Litvak, M. E.; Hurteau, Matthew D.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120524

Cited by 26 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Although fragmented, this live-tree legacy is superior to complete cover loss because it will facilitate a greater number of species TA B L E 1 Modelling work projecting tree species distribution response to changing climate and wildfire scenarios in the western United States. These studies were selected to cover a range of geographic locations and tree species and do not represent a comprehensive list of species range projection studies Marsh, Crockett, et al, 2022;. Persistence of mature trees combined with topographic and vegetation mediated microclimate may provide for continued forest cover persistence within landscapes.…”

Section: G Eog R Aphi C Al Per S Is Ten Ce Of Fo Re S Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although fragmented, this live‐tree legacy is superior to complete cover loss because it will facilitate a greater number of species being available during ecosystem reassembly. Local variation in topography or different types of vegetation cover can also cause microclimate to deviate from regional climate sufficient to allow tree seedling establishment (Crockett & Hurteau, 2022; Marsh, Crockett, et al, 2022; Marsh, Krofcheck, et al, 2022). Persistence of mature trees combined with topographic and vegetation mediated microclimate may provide for continued forest cover persistence within landscapes.…”

Section: Geographical Persistence Of Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel climate–fire–vegetation interactions and their influence on forest ecosystems in the westernUSA

Liang

Hurteau

2023

Functional Ecology

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1. Climate, disturbance, vegetation response and their interaction are key factors in predicting the distribution and function of ecosystems across landscapes. A range of factors, operating through different pathways, are amplifying the feedbacks in this three-way interaction.2. In the western USA, the relative strength of the influence of climate versus vegetation on fire activity varies spatially, realizing a diversity of fire regimes and fire-selected species traits under historical conditions of climate-fire-vegetation interactions.3. Human intervention, via land use and fire-exclusion, has homogenized frequentfire-adapted forests in terms of structure and composition. Climate change is reinforcing the homogenization directly via increasing temperatures and drought and indirectly through climate-driven tree mortality. The net effect will be forming novel climate-fire-vegetation interactions that act to homogenize fire regimes and catalyse large-scale forest loss.4. While long-term persistence of tree species in a given location may not be possible due to directional change of climate, slowing the rate of wildfire-driven forest cover loss and maximizing the in-situ persistence of a diversity of species will allow forest ecosystems to respond more incrementally to changing climate and provide an opportunity for ecosystem reassembly to occur from a large pool of species.5. As climate continues to change, management to resist wildfire-driven forest cover loss may hinge on reducing forest density and creating a higher level of heterogeneity to reach the resistance and resilience exhibited by pre-fire-exclusion forests. Management operations should better leverage disturbance while strategically deploying silvicultural treatments to increase managed and prescribed fire.6. Further research is needed to improve our capacity for quantifying key mechanisms and system responses involved in the climate-fire-vegetation interactions and predicting how best to allocate resources to manage for functional forests.

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Section: G Eog R Aphi C Al Per S Is Ten Ce Of Fo Re S Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographical Persistence Of Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel climate–fire–vegetation interactions and their influence on forest ecosystems in the westernUSA

Liang

Hurteau

2023

Functional Ecology

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“…This is especially helpful for sites with less suited microclimatic and edaphic conditions. Moreover, planted seedlings have higher growth rates than seeded ones (Marsh et al, 2022). The main constraints are related to container dimension, damages on seedlings prior to planting and plantation stress (Zhigunov et al, 2014;Grossnickle and El-Kassaby, 2016;Andivia et al, 2019;Pernot et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plantations of Pinus ponderosa, Pinus edulis, Pinus strobiformis, and Pseudotsuga menziesii post-fire highlighted the importance of landscape heterogeneity and topographical position on microclimate (Marsh et al, 2022). Areas with less solar radiation and higher moisture had higher seedling survival probability.…”

Section: Plantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Areas with less solar radiation and higher moisture had higher seedling survival probability. Thus, microtopography knowledge can be a tool to select planting sites, enhancing the effectiveness of future plantations (Marsh et al, 2022). Inversely, the failure of a plantation of Pinus cembra (0.15% of survival rate) was related to the lack of knowledge of the site's suitability in relation to the specie ecological traits (Fragnière et al, 2022).…”

Section: Plantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence management and disturbances on the regeneration of forest stands

Gonçalves¹,

Fonseca²

2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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The renewal and sustainability of the forest stands are attained through regeneration. There are three basic methods to regenerate high forest stands: natural regeneration, direct seeding, and planting. This study reviews the factors affecting regeneration, the three methods of regeneration and the effect of stand structure on regeneration. Overall, regeneration success can be quite variable due to edaphic and climatic conditions, seed losses and/or seedling mortality. The silvicultural system is relevant to the choice of the regeneration method. Natural regeneration is used in selection and irregular shelterwood systems whereas direct seeding and planting are used in uniform shelterwood and clear-cut systems. In the former, stand stocking management is primordial to regeneration success while for the latter are species selection, seed predators and spontaneous vegetation control.

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Multidecadal vegetation transformations of a New Mexico ponderosa pine landscape after severe fires and aerial seeding

Wion,

Stevens,

Beeley

et al. 2024

Ecological Applications

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Wildfires and climate change increasingly are transforming vegetation composition and structure, and postfire management may have long‐lasting effects on ecosystem reorganization. Postfire aerial seeding treatments are commonly used to reduce runoff and soil erosion, but little is known about how seeding treatments affect native vegetation recovery over long periods of time, particularly in type‐converted forests that have been dramatically transformed by the effects of repeated, high‐severity fire. In this study, we analyze and report on a rare long‐term (23‐year) dataset that documents vegetation dynamics following a 1996 post‐fire aerial seeding treatment and a subsequent 2011 high‐severity reburn in a dry conifer landscape of northern New Mexico, USA. Repeated surveys between 1997 and 2019 of 49 permanent transects were analyzed for differences in vegetation cover, richness, and diversity between seeded and unseeded areas, and to characterize the development of seeded and unseeded vegetation communities through time and across gradients of burn severity, elevation, and soil‐available water capacity. Seeded plots showed no significant difference in bare ground cover during the initial years postfire relative to unseeded plots. Postfire seeding led to a clear and sustained divergence in herbaceous community composition. Seeded plots had a much higher cover of non‐native graminoids, primarily Bromus inermis, a likely contaminant in the seed mix. High‐severity reburning of all plots in 2011 reduced native graminoid cover by half at seeded plots compared with both prefire levels and with plots that were unseeded following the initial 1996 fire. In addition, higher fire severity was associated with increased non‐native graminoid cover and reduced native graminoid cover. This study documents fire‐driven ecosystem transformation from conifer forest into a shrub‐and‐grass‐dominated system, reinforced by aerial seeding of grasses and high‐severity reburning. This unique long‐term dataset illustrates that post‐fire seeding carries significant risks of unwanted non‐native species invasions that persist through subsequent fires—thus alternative postfire management actions merit consideration to better support native ecosystem resilience given emergent climate change and increasing disturbance. This study also highlights the importance of long‐term monitoring of postfire vegetation dynamics, as short‐term assessments miss key elements of complex ecosystem responses to fire and postfire management actions.

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Planted seedling survival in a post-wildfire landscape: From experimental planting to predictive probabilistic surfaces

Cited by 26 publications

References 69 publications

Novel climate–fire–vegetation interactions and their influence on forest ecosystems in the westernUSA

Novel climate–fire–vegetation interactions and their influence on forest ecosystems in the westernUSA

Influence management and disturbances on the regeneration of forest stands

Multidecadal vegetation transformations of a New Mexico ponderosa pine landscape after severe fires and aerial seeding

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