Plants and Animals as Source of Inspiration for Energy Dissipation in Load Bearing Systems and Facades

Klang, Katharina; Bauer, Georg; Toader, Nicu; Lauer, Christoph; Termin, Kathrin; Schmier, Stefanie; Kovaleva, Daria; Haase, Walter; Berthold, Christoph; Nickel, Klaus G.; Speck, Thomas; Sobek, Werner

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46374-2_7

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The force was measured simultaneously by a force transducer. A photograph and schematic view of the measuring principles of the universal testing machine is illustrated in [ 16 ]. All experiments were performed with a crosshead movement speed of 0.5 mm/min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small quantities of organic macromolecules (<1 wt.%) are within the magnesium calcite domains [ 13 ]. The hierarchical organized lightweight construction of the spine is characterized by remarkable mechanical properties such as high strength [ 14 , 15 ] and beneficial failure behavior dissipating energy in large quantities [ 16 ] despite their cellular, brittle microstructure. The transfer of such desirable properties such as strength, high energy dissipation capacity and lightweight into ceramic-based materials and structures is of particular interest for the area of separation technology/filtration (e.g., particle filtration, liquid filtration), in chemical and thermal process engineering (e.g., catalyst carriers, pore burners), medical technology (e.g., bone substitute) and in lightweight construction under high pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Plant-Like Structure of Lance Sea Urchin Spines as Biomimetic Concept Generator for Freeze-Casted Structural Graded Ceramics

Klang

Nickel

2021

Biomimetics

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The spine of the lance sea urchin (Phyllacanthus imperialis) is an unusual plant-akin hierarchical lightweight construction with several gradation features: a basic core–shell structure is modified in terms of porosities, pore orientation and pore size, forming superstructures. Differing local strength and energy consumption features create a biomimetic potential for the construction of porous ceramics with predetermined breaking points and adaptable behavior in compression overload. We present a new detailed structural and failure analysis of those spines and demonstrate that it is possible to include at least a limited number of those features in an abstracted way in ceramics, manufactured by freeze-casting. This possibility is shown to come from a modified mold design and optimized suspensions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plant-Like Structure of Lance Sea Urchin Spines as Biomimetic Concept Generator for Freeze-Casted Structural Graded Ceramics

Klang

Nickel

2021

Biomimetics

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“…In recent years, the biomimetic potential of lignified or partially lignified fruit pericarps and seed coats as concept generators for puncture resistant and local impact energy dissipating materials systems has been analyzed (Acrocomia mexicana endocarp [5]; Cocos nucifera endocarp (e.g., [6][7][8][9]); Macadamia integrifolia seed coat (e.g., [4,10,11]); Orbignya speciosa endocarp [12]). The macadamia seed coat has been particularly well studied in this context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Structure of the Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Endocarp: Functional Morphology and its Influence on Fracture Toughness

2020

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In recent years, the biomimetic potential of lignified or partially lignified fruit pericarps has moved into focus. For the transfer of functional principles into biomimetic applications, a profound understanding of the structural composition of the role models is important. The aim of this study was to qualitatively analyze and visualize the functional morphology of the coconut endocarp on several hierarchical levels, and to use these findings for a more precise evaluation of the toughening mechanisms in the endocarp. Eight hierarchical levels of the ripe coconut fruit were identified using different imaging techniques, including light and scanning electron microscopy as well as micro-computer-tomography. These range from the organ level of the fruit (H0) to the molecular composition (H7) of the endocarp components. A special focus was laid on the hierarchical levels of the endocarp (H3–H6). This investigation confirmed that all hierarchical levels influence the crack development in different ways and thus contribute to the pronounced fracture toughness of the coconut endocarp. By providing relevant morphological parameters at each hierarchical level with the associated toughening mechanisms, this lays the basis for transferring those properties into biomimetic technical applications.

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“…Although it has been shown that echinoids can, in general, be used as role models in engineering sciences [ 9 , 14 – 18 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 35 ], only little research has yet focused on the technical aspects of the unique E. pusillus test in particular [ 16 ]. Major aspects responsible for the test stability such as the three-dimensional interaction of test structures and variations in the stereom density remained hitherto unaddressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural design of the minute clypeasteroid echinoidEchinocyamus pusillus

Grun

Nebelsick

2018

R. Soc. open sci.

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The clypeasteroid echinoid skeleton is a multi-plated, light-weight shell construction produced by biomineralization processes. In shell constructions, joints between individual elements are considered as weak points, yet these echinoid skeletons show an extensive preservation potential in both Recent and fossil environments. The remarkable strength of the test is achieved by skeletal reinforcement structures and their constructional layouts. Micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy are used for microstructural and volumetric analyses of the echinoid's skeleton. It is shown that strengthening mechanisms act on different hierarchical levels from the overall shape of the skeleton to skeletal interlocking. The tight-fitting and interlocking plate joints lead to a shell considered to behave as a monolithic structure. The plate's architecture features distinct regions interpreted as a significant load-transferring system. The internal support system follows the segmentation of the remaining skeleton, where sutural layout and stereom distribution are designed for effective load transfer. The structural analysis of the multi-plated, yet monolithic skeleton of Echinocyamus pusillus reveals new aspects of the micro-morphology and its structural relevance for the load-bearing behaviour. The analysed structural principles allow E. pusillus to be considered as a role model for the development of multi-element, light-weight shell constructions.

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Plants and Animals as Source of Inspiration for Energy Dissipation in Load Bearing Systems and Facades

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

The Plant-Like Structure of Lance Sea Urchin Spines as Biomimetic Concept Generator for Freeze-Casted Structural Graded Ceramics

The Plant-Like Structure of Lance Sea Urchin Spines as Biomimetic Concept Generator for Freeze-Casted Structural Graded Ceramics

Hierarchical Structure of the Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Endocarp: Functional Morphology and its Influence on Fracture Toughness

Structural design of the minute clypeasteroid echinoidEchinocyamus pusillus

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