Plants of Importance in the Breeding of Anopheles albimanus Wied. in Panama

Meyer, Samuel L.

doi:10.2307/2482036

Cited by 5 publications

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“…An. albimanus larvae have been variably associated with macrophyte vegetation in the literature (Meyer 1947, Rodriguez et al 1993, Grieco et al 2006), including positive associations with mangrove forests, naiads ( Najas spp. ), water hyacinths ( Eichnornia spp.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of larval habitats of Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis, Anopheles punctimacula, and Anopheles oswaldoi s.l. populations in lowland and highland Ecuador

Pinault

Hunter

2012

Journal of Vector Ecology

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Recent collection data indicate that at least four potential malaria vectors occupy more widespread distributions within the Andean highlands than in the past. Since habitat elimination is an important aspect of malaria control, it is vital to characterize larval habitats for Anopheles species within both lowland and highland sites. To that end, 276 sites within Ecuador were surveyed between 2008 and 2010. Characteristics of Anopheles-present sites for four species were compared to Anopheles-absent sites within the same geographical range and also to Anopheles-absent sites within a highland range representing potential future habitats. Thermochron iButtons © were used to describe the daily temperature variation within a subset of potential habitats. Anopheles albimanus (W.) was positively associated with permanent habitats, sand substrates, floating algae (cyanobacterial mats), and warmer temperatures in both comparisons. Anopheles pseudopunctipennis (T.) was associated with floating algae (cyanobacterial mats), warmer temperatures, and higher water clarity in both comparisons. Anopheles punctimacula (D.&K.) was negatively associated with floating algae and positively associated with dissolved oxygen in both comparisons. Anopheles oswaldoi s.l. (P.) was not significantly associated with any parameters more often than expected given larval-absent sites. The results indicate that minimum water temperatures might limit the upper altitudinal distribution of An. albimanus (18.7° C) and An. pseudopunctipennis (16.0° C). Journal of Vector Ecology 37 (1): 124-136. 2012.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), water hyacinths ( Eichnornia spp.) (Rodriguez et al 1993), submersed macrophytes (Rejmankova et al 1993), and the floating fern ( Salvinia matans ) (Meyer 1947). Much less is known regarding South American populations of An.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of larval habitats of Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis, Anopheles punctimacula, and Anopheles oswaldoi s.l. populations in lowland and highland Ecuador

Pinault

Hunter

2012

Journal of Vector Ecology

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“…Historically (during the 1940s), An. albimanus was found as far north as Texas and Florida, USA [ 32 ] and throughout Central America, where it was collected in one locality at 1,000 m altitude [ 33 - 36 ]. It also was a main vector in Cuba and the West Indies [ 37 ], and was collected in South America along the northern Pacific coast, especially in the area surrounding Guayaquil, Ecuador [ 16 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New highland distribution records of multiple Anopheles species in the Ecuadorian Andes

Pinault

Hunter

2011

Malar J

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BackgroundSeveral recent climate change reviews have stressed the possibility of some malaria vectors occupying regions of higher altitudes than previously recorded. Indeed, highland malaria has been observed in several African nations, possibly attributable to changes in land use, vector control and local climate. This study attempts to expand the current knowledge of the distribution of common Anopheles species in Ecuador, with particular attention to highland regions (> 500 m) of the Andes.MethodsExtensive field collections of larvae were undertaken in 2008, 2009 and 2010 throughout all regions of Ecuador (except the lower-altitude Amazonian plain) and compared to historical distribution maps reproduced from the 1940s. Larvae were identified using both a morphological key and sequencing of the 800 bp region of the CO1 mitochondrial gene. In addition, spatial statistics (Getis-Ord Hotspot Analysis: Gi*) were used to determine high and low-density clusters of each species in Ecuador.ResultsDistributions have been updated for five species of Anopheles in Ecuador: Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis, Anopheles punctimacula, Anopheles eiseni and Anopheles oswaldoi s.l.. Historical maps indicate that An. pseudopunctipennis used to be widespread in highland Andean valleys, while other species were completely restricted to lowland areas. By comparison, updated maps for the other four collected species show higher maximum elevations and/or more widespread distributions in highland regions than previously recorded. Gi* analysis determined some highland hot spots for An. albimanus, but only cold spots for all other species.ConclusionsThis study documents the establishment of multiple anopheline species in high altitude regions of Ecuador, often in areas where malaria eradication programs are not focused.

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“…A link between water hyacinth and the incidence of malaria has been recognized for decades (e.g. Barber and Hayne 1925, Meyer 1947, Gopal 1987 and references therein), although the clear experimental evidence, e.g., side-by-side trials with water hyacinth and native lakeshore vegetation, has apparently yet to be performed. The stagnation or reduction in water current by large mats of water hyacinth appears key here, by allowing Anopheles females to lay eggs (Merritt et al 1992).…”

Section: Introduced Aquatic Macrophytes: Facilitation By Eichhornia Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive plants as catalysts for the spread of human parasites

Smith¹

2011

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As serious as are the consequences of invasive species that directly cause human afflictions through their production of lethal protease inhibitors (Bryonia alba), allergens (Parthenium hysterophorus) or furanocoumarins (Hercaleum mantegazzianum), other introduced species may cause even greater risks to human health by enhancing the proliferation of vectors of virulent human parasites. The dense, floating mats of Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) create habitat for larvae of the dipteran vectors of Plasmodium spp., the causative agents of malaria, and other parasites. Facilitation of a human parasite is not restricted to aquatic systems. In Africa, the tropical American shrub Lantana camara (lantana) provides essential habitat for dipteran vectors (Glossina spp.) of protozoans (Trypanosoma spp.) that cause trypanosomiasis. Unanticipated health consequences will likely continue to emerge from new plant introductions. Sin Nombre Virus (SNV) is a rodent-borne parasite that causes Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, an often-lethal disease in humans. Populations of rodent vectors of SNV in South America increase rapidly in response to synchronous fruit availability among masting, native bamboos. With depletion of this temporary food source, the rodents seek food near human settlements, increasing the risk of human infections with SNV. In the United States the omnivorous deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus is also a SNV carrier. The escape of Asian cold-tolerant bamboos from cultivation raises the possibility of invasions (several have already become naturalized) and providing a temporary boost to populations of infected native rodents. Proposed introductions of aquatic vascular species, species with masting reproduction and those that would occupy an unfilled niche in the proposed new range deserve careful evaluation for their possible roles as unforeseen catalysts of species interactions, especially of human parasites

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Plants of Importance in the Breeding of Anopheles albimanus Wied. in Panama

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of larval habitats of Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis, Anopheles punctimacula, and Anopheles oswaldoi s.l. populations in lowland and highland Ecuador

Characterization of larval habitats of Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis, Anopheles punctimacula, and Anopheles oswaldoi s.l. populations in lowland and highland Ecuador

New highland distribution records of multiple Anopheles species in the Ecuadorian Andes

Invasive plants as catalysts for the spread of human parasites

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