Plants Pre-Infested With Viruliferous MED/Q Cryptic Species Promotes Subsequent Bemisia tabaci Infestation

Shi, Xiaolu; Chen, Gong; Pan, Huipeng; Xie, Wen; Wu, Qingjun; Wang, Shaoli; Liu, Yong; Zhou, Xuguo; Zhang, Youjun

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01404

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…4) were highest in spr2 plants (0.72 μg/24 h/g fresh weight), intermediate in WT (0.23 μg/24 h/g fresh weight), and lowest in 35S plants (0.14 μg/24 h/g fresh weight), meaning that lower-JA plants were always higher in this compound. This agrees with other work showing that infestation by viruliferous MED induces neophytadiene production and that this volatile attracts MED (28); in addition, extracts from Verbascum thapsus , a plant high in neophytadiene, have also been found to attract whiteflies (29). In our experiment, whiteflies did not exhibit a preference for plants producing lower JA and higher neophytadiene between WT plants and either genotype, which suggests that other compounds may be involved.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Variation in both host defense and prior herbivory can alter plant-vector-virus interactions

et al. 2019

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BackgroundWhile virus-vector-host interactions have been a major focus of both basic and applied ecological research, little is known about how different levels of plant defense interact with prior herbivory to affect these relationships. We used genetically-modified strains of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) varying in the jasmonic acid (JA) plant defense pathways to explore how plant defense and prior herbivory affects a plant virus (tomato yellow leaf curl virus, ‘TYLCV’), its vector (the whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED), and the host.ResultsVirus-free MED preferred low-JA over high-JA plants and had lower fitness on high-JA plants. Viruliferous MED preferred low-JA plants but their survival was unaffected by JA levels. While virus-free MED did not lower plant JA levels, viruliferous MED decreased both JA levels and the expression of JA-related genes. Infestation by viruliferous MED reduced plant JA levels. In preference tests, neither virus-free nor viruliferous MED discriminated among JA-varying plants previously exposed to virus-free MED. However, both virus-free and viruliferous MED preferred low-JA plant genotypes when choosing between plants that had both been previously exposed to viruliferous MED. The enhanced preference for low-JA genotypes appears linked to the volatile compound neophytadiene, which was found only in whitefly-infested plants and at concentrations inversely related to plant JA levels.ConclusionsOur findings illustrate how plant defense can interact with prior herbivory to affect both a plant virus and its whitefly vector, and confirm the induction of neophytadiene by MED. The apparent attraction of MED to neophytadiene may prove useful in pest detection and management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Variation in both host defense and prior herbivory can alter plant-vector-virus interactions

et al. 2019

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“…Some researchers analyzed the volatile components of southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV)-infected plants and healthy plants using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and 36 kinds of VOCs were detected from the healthy plants and 37 kinds of VOCs were detected from the SRBSDV-infected plants [31]. Compared with non-viruliferous whiteflies, viruliferous whiteflies induced the volatiles thujene and neophytadiene [32]. In plant–virus–insect vector interactions, nonviruliferous insects tend to select virus-infected plants, whereas viruliferous insects prefer healthy plants [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing of Odorant-Binding Protein Gene OBP3 Using RNA Interference Reduced Virus Transmission of Tomato Chlorosis Virus

Shi

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is widespread, seriously impacting tomato production throughout the world. ToCV is semi-persistently transmitted by Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Currently, insect olfaction is being studied to develop novel pest control technologies to effectively control B. tabaci and whitefly-borne virus diseases. Despite current research efforts, no report has been published on the role of odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) in insect preference under the influence of plant virus. Our previous research showed that viruliferous B. tabaci preferred healthy plants at 48 h after virus acquisition. In this study, we determined the effect of OBPs on the host preference interactions of ToCV and whiteflies. Our results show that with the increase in acquisition time, the OBP gene expressions changed differently, and the OBP3 gene expression showed a trend of first rising and then falling, and reached the maximum at 48 h. These results indicate that OBP3 may participate in the host preference of viruliferous whiteflies to healthy plants. When the expression of the OBP3 gene was knocked down by an RNA interference (RNAi) technique, viruliferous Mediterranean (MED) showed no preference and the ToCV transmission rate was reduced by 83.3%. We conclude that OBP3 is involved in the detection of plant volatiles by viruliferous MED. Our results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for clarifying the transmission mechanism of ToCV by B. tabaci and could provide new avenues for controlling this plant virus and its vectors.

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“…The relative expression of Buch, the target gene, was normalized to EF1α, the internal reference, using 2−ΔΔCT method [41]. (Shi et al, 2018) was used to collect volatiles, including healthy plants, healthy plants infested with control aphids, healthy plants infested with rifampicin-treated (200 µg/mL) aphids, CMV-infected plants, CMV-infected plants with control aphids, and CMV-infected plants infested with rifampicin-treated (200 µg/mL) aphids. Plant volatile of all the treatments were collected for 6 h, and aphid infestation was maintained in 6 h with clip-cages, and non-infestation plants were also treated with clip-cages.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viruses can also alter plant volatiles to recruit insect vectors for e cient transmission [2,3]. To understand the mechanisms governing the virus transmission is important to reveal the plant-virus-vector co-evolution, and provide a basis for manipulating vectors to limit virus spread in plants [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphid Endosymbiont Facilitates Virus Transmission by Modulating the Volatile Profile of Host Plants

Shi¹,

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Most plant viruses rely on vectors for their transmission and spread. One of the outstanding biological questions concerning the vector-pathogen-symbiont multi-trophic interactions is the potential involvement of vector symbionts in the virus transmission process. Here, we used a multi-factorial system containing a non-persistent plant virus, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), its primary vector, green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, and the obligate endosymbiont, Buchnera aphidicola to explore this uncharted territory. Results: Based on our preliminary research, we hypothesized that aphid endosymbiont B. aphidicola can facilitate CMV transmission by modulating plant volatile profiles. Gene expression analyses demonstrated that CMV infection reduced B. aphidicola abundance in M. persicae, in which lower abundance of B. aphidicola was associated with a preference shift in aphids from infected to healthy plants. Volatile profile analyses confirmed that feeding by aphids with lower B. aphidicola titers reduced the production of attractants, while increased the emission of deterrents. As a result, M. persicae changed their feeding preference from infected to healthy plants. Conclusions: We conclude that CMV infection reduces the B. aphidicola abundance in M. persicae. When viruliferous aphids feed on host plants, dynamic changes in obligate symbionts lead to a shift in plant volatiles from attraction to avoidance, thereby switching insect vector’s feeding preference from infected to healthy plants.

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Plants Pre-Infested With Viruliferous MED/Q Cryptic Species Promotes Subsequent Bemisia tabaci Infestation

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Variation in both host defense and prior herbivory can alter plant-vector-virus interactions

Variation in both host defense and prior herbivory can alter plant-vector-virus interactions

Silencing of Odorant-Binding Protein Gene OBP3 Using RNA Interference Reduced Virus Transmission of Tomato Chlorosis Virus

Aphid Endosymbiont Facilitates Virus Transmission by Modulating the Volatile Profile of Host Plants

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