Plaque Removal by the Bass and Roll Brushing Techniques

Gibson, John; Wade, Angie

doi:10.1902/jop.1977.48.8.456

Cited by 54 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Some other studies are less conclusive, as they lack control groups and standardized instructions. Furthermore, gingivitis as an indicator of habitual oral hygiene is not assessed in these studies nor are oral hygiene skills as a premise of successful hygiene [11], [12], [28], [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Oral Hygiene Skills by Computer-Based Training: A Randomized Controlled Comparison of the Modified Bass and the Fones Techniques

et al. 2012

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BackgroundGingivitis and other plaque-associated diseases have a high prevalence in western communities even though the majority of adults report daily oral hygiene. This indicates a lack of oral hygiene skills. Currently, there is no clear evidence as to which brushing technique would bring about the best oral hygiene skills. While the modified Bass technique is often recommended by dentists and in textbooks, the Fones technique is often recommended in patient brochures. Still, standardized comparisons of the effectiveness of teaching these techniques are lacking.Methodology/Principal FindingsIn a final sample of n = 56 students, this multidisciplinary, randomized, examiner-blinded, controlled study compared the effects of parallel and standardized interactive computer presentations teaching either the Fones or the modified Bass technique. A control group was taught the basics of tooth brushing alone. Oral hygiene skills (remaining plaque after thorough oral hygiene) and gingivitis were assessed at baseline and 6, 12, and 28 weeks after the intervention. We found a significant group×time interaction for gingivitis (F(4/102) = 3.267; p = 0.016; ε = 0.957; η2 = 0.114) and a significant main effect of group for oral hygiene skills (F(2/51) = 7.088; p = 0.002; η2 = 0.218). Fones was superior to Bass; Bass did not differ from the control group. Group differences were most prominent after 6 and 12 weeks.Conclusions/SignificanceThe present trial indicates an advantage of teaching the Fones as compared to the modified Bass technique with respect to oral hygiene skills and gingivitis. Future studies are needed to analyze whether the disadvantage of teaching the Bass technique observed here is restricted to the teaching method employed.Trial RegistrationGerman Clinical Trials Register DRKS00003488

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9], [10]. The few studies directly comparing brushing techniques suffer from methodological shortcomings like lack of control groups [11], non-blinded examiners [12], [13] or confounders and missing standardization [14]. We thus decided to compare the effects of computer-based training.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Oral Hygiene Skills by Computer-Based Training: A Randomized Controlled Comparison of the Modified Bass and the Fones Techniques

et al. 2012

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“…Thus, proper oral hygiene in children can be attained with the interplay of proper brushing technique and repeated learning through appropriate communication means. [10]. At 7-9 years of age the onset of the cognitive development of child helps him understand and perceive the given instructions and the required manual dexterity is also present at this younger age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Different Teaching Methods of Tooth Brushing in Children Contributors

Srivastava¹

2013

Oral Hyg Health

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Aim: The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of three different 'methods of teaching' tooth brushing in young children and the effect of reinforcement on the learning skills of the child.Material and Methods: 60 children (7-9 years) were equally divided into 3 groups (Group I: Audio visual; Group II: individual instruction on cast; Group III-child as a model) based on the 'method of teaching' the tooth brushing to be used. Each group was further divided equally into reinforcer and non reinforcer sub groups according to the reinforcement schedule. After teaching the correct brushing technique, the oral hygiene status of the children was evaluated using modified plaque index. The correct brushing technique was re-taught to the children and the plaque scores were re-evaluated after one week in the reinforcer and nonreinforcer groups. The data was statistically analyzed utilizing the two ways ANOVA and Post Hoc-Bonferroni Multiple comparison test.Results: Maximum drop in post teaching plaque scores was seen in Group II (individual instruction on cast) and the least drop in plaque scores was observed in Group III (child as a model) . The percentage decrease in the post teaching plaque scores even confirmed Group II to be the most efficacious method with a drop in plaque scores to 48.6%. Also reinforcing the brushing instructions again after few days resulted in better reduction of plaque scores.Conclusion: Individual cast instruction group was most effective method for teaching brushing method when compared to other groups. It was further concluded that reinforcement of the desired behavior also had a positive effect on learning skills of the child.

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“…This was in contrast to the 0.20 mm of the Oral-B40 and 0.18 mm of the Softex which were the brushes used with the Bass technique in the experiment of Gibson and Wade. 6 Robertson and Wade 11 showed that after only 2 weeks uninstructed brushing with Spa brushes of the type used in the current trial, most were worn excessively and were markedly inferior in plaque removal to Gibbs brushes of the pattern used with the Roll technique in this investigation. It may well be that such fine filament brushes are incapable of achieving plaque control regardless of the stroke used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…This evidence suggests that time spent on explaining and demonstrat ing brushing techniques is time well spent and supports the evidence of Elliott et al 5 and Gibson and Wade . 6 The degree of improvement in plaque control pro duced by the Bass method with the brush used in this investigation was more or less the same on both the lingual and facial surfaces (14 and 13% respectively) when the plaque scores after the 2-week brushing pe riod were compared with the initial scores (Table 2). Lingually, the Roll technique produced a similar de gree of improvement, 16%, but facially the benefits were more readily apparent, there being a 30% im provement on this aspect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Importance of Filament Diameter when Using Bass Brushing Technique

Vowles

Wade

1977

Journal of Periodontology

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A comparative study using a crossover experimental construction was made of the effectiveness of brushes containing 6/10 nylon filaments of 0.132 mm mean diameter using a Bass technique with those containing filaments of the same type of nylon but 0.280 mm diameter. Each type of brush was used for a 2-week period. Even though the finer filament brushes contained more than three times as many filaments, they were inferior in cleaning achievement to the brushes with the broader filaments. The difference was particularly marked on the facial aspect, but was largely nullified lingually. The effectiveness of the Bass technique in the gingival zone demonstrated in a previous investigation when brushes containing filaments of 0.18 and 0.20 mm were used, was not found in this investigation. It is concluded that filament diameter is critical in achieving effective cleaning using the Bass technique.

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Plaque Removal by the Bass and Roll Brushing Techniques

Cited by 54 publications

References 2 publications

Improving Oral Hygiene Skills by Computer-Based Training: A Randomized Controlled Comparison of the Modified Bass and the Fones Techniques

Improving Oral Hygiene Skills by Computer-Based Training: A Randomized Controlled Comparison of the Modified Bass and the Fones Techniques

A Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Different Teaching Methods of Tooth Brushing in Children Contributors

Importance of Filament Diameter when Using Bass Brushing Technique

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