Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and colorectal cancer risk according to tumour immunity status

Song, Mingyang; Nishihara, Reiko; Wang, Molin; Chan, Andrew T.; Qian, Zhi Rong; Inamura, Kentaro; Zhang, Xuehong; Ng, Kimmie; Kim, Sun A.; Mima, Kosuke; Sukawa, Yasutaka; Nosho, Katsuhiko; Fuchs, Charles S.; Giovannucci, Edward; Wu, Kana; Ogino, Shuji

doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308852

Cited by 92 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In a preclinical SMAD3 knockout model of colitis and colon cancer, Meeker et al (304) showed that a high vitamin D diet decreases NF-B activation in colonic epithelial cells, which is reflected by decreased inflammatory cell infiltrates and reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines during initiation of carcinogenesis (304). In line with this, a strong inverse association is found between 25(OH)D status and the risk of colorectal cancer with high-level lymphocytic reactions which suggests a role for vitamin D in cancer immunoprevention through modulation of the host-tumor interaction (419). A recent whole genome profiling on cells derived from normal mammary tissue and breast cancer reveals the regulation of a set of immune genes by 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 .…”

Section: D) Effects On Inflammation In Cancermentioning

confidence: 48%

Vitamin D: Metabolism, Molecular Mechanism of Action, and Pleiotropic Effects

Christakos

Dhawan

Verstuyf

et al. 2016

Physiological Reviews

1,473

1,234

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, [1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ] is the hormonally active form of vitamin D. The genomic mechanism of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 action involves the direct binding of the 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 activated vitamin D receptor/retinoic X receptor (VDR/RXR) heterodimeric complex to specific DNA sequences. Numerous VDR co-regulatory proteins have been identified, and genome-wide studies have shown that the actions of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 involve regulation of gene activity at a range of locations many kilobases from the transcription start site. The structure of the liganded VDR/RXR complex was recently characterized using cryoelectron microscopy, X-ray scattering, and hydrogen deuterium exchange. These recent technological advances will result in a more complete understanding of VDR coactivator interactions, thus facilitating cell and gene specific clinical applications. Although the identification of mechanisms mediating VDR-regulated transcription has been one focus of recent research in the field, other topics of fundamental importance include the identification and functional significance of proteins involved in the metabolism of vitamin D. CYP2R1 has been identified as the most important 25-hydroxylase, and a critical role for CYP24A1 in humans was noted in studies showing that inactivating mutations in CYP24A1 are a probable cause of idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia. In addition, studies using knockout and transgenic mice have provided new insight on the physiological role of vitamin D in classical target tissues as well as evidence of extraskeletal effects of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 including inhibition of cancer progression, effects on the cardiovascular system, and immunomodulatory effects in certain autoimmune diseases. Some of the mechanistic findings in mouse models have also been observed in humans. The identification of similar pathways in humans could lead to the development of new therapies to prevent and treat disease.

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Section: D) Effects On Inflammation In Cancermentioning

confidence: 48%

Vitamin D: Metabolism, Molecular Mechanism of Action, and Pleiotropic Effects

Christakos

Dhawan

Verstuyf

et al. 2016

Physiological Reviews

1,473

1,234

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Although moderately increased levels of ROS damage DNA and promote mutagenesis in cells, recent evidence indicates that high ROS levels exert an oxidative stress that can restrain tumor progression and metastasis by causing cell senescence or death. [27,28] Several lines of evidence also support a beneficial effect of marine ω-3 PUFAs on cancer survival. In a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 60 patients, supplementation of marine ω-3 PUFAs restored the decreased ratio of T-helper cells to T-suppressor cells and prolonged the survival of cancer patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

658 Marine Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake and Survival After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis

Song¹,

Zhang²,

Meyerhardt³

et al. 2016

Gastroenterology

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Objective-Experimental evidence supports an antineoplastic activity of marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs; including eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid). However, the influence of ω-3 PUFAs on colorectal cancer (CRC) survival is unknown. AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONSDrs Song and Chan have full access to all of the data in the study, and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. HHS Public AccessAuthor manuscript Gut. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 October 01. Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptDesign-Within the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we prospectively studied CRC-specific and overall mortality in a cohort of 1,659 CRC patients according to intake of marine ω-3 PUFAs and its change after diagnosis.Results-Higher intake of marine ω-3 PUFAs after CRC diagnosis was associated with lower risk of CRC-specific mortality (P for trend=0.03). Compared with patients who consumed less than 0.10 g/day of marine ω-3 PUFAs, those consuming at least 0.30 g/day had an adjusted hazard ratio for CRC-specific mortality of 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 1.01). Patients who increased their marine ω-3 PUFA intake by at least 0.15 g/day after diagnosis had a hazard ratio of 0.30 (95% CI, 0.14 to 0.64, P for trend<0.001) for CRC deaths, compared with those who did not change or changed their intake by less than 0.02 g/day. No association was found between postdiagnostic marine ω-3 PUFA intake and all-cause mortality (P for trend=0.47).Conclusion-High marine ω-3 PUFA intake after CRC diagnosis is associated with lower risk of CRC-specific mortality. Increasing consumption of marine ω-3 PUFAs after diagnosis may confer additional benefits to patients with CRC.

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“…There are, for example, important distinctions between such clinically relevant subgroups, including hormone receptor status in breast cancer, histological subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and ovarian, lung, and gastric cancers, and disease aggressiveness in prostate cancer. Interestingly, 1 recent study found that a higher vitamin D status was more beneficial for colorectal tumors having greater lymphocytic infiltration (138), supporting the view expressed in a recent commentary that substantially greater attention is needed with respect to organ site-specific biological mechanisms (139). The current literature also suggests that there may be other important factors that interact with vitamin D status, such as menopausal status in breast cancer (17), sex in colorectal cancer (140), and circulating vitamin D binding protein in prostate cancer (141).…”

Section: Current Expert Recommendations Versus Population Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and Cancer Risk and Mortality: State of the Science, Gaps, and Challenges

Mondul

Weinstein

Layne

et al. 2017

Epidemiologic Reviews

167

133

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There has been substantial enthusiasm recently regarding the potential role of vitamin D in the primary and secondary prevention of cancer. Laboratory studies demonstrate a range of anticarcinogenic effects for vitamin D compounds, but human studies have yielded little consistent evidence supporting a protective association. Higher circulating levels of vitamin D (i.e., 25-hydroxyvitamin D or 25(OH)D) appear to be associated with reduced risk of colorectal and bladder malignancies, but higher risk of prostate and possibly pancreatic cancers, with no clear association for most other organ sites examined. Despite there being no official institutional recommendations regarding the use of vitamin D supplements for cancer prevention, screenings for vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D supplement use have increased substantially over the past decade. These widespread practices demonstrate that population sociobehavioral changes are often adopted before scientifically well-informed policies and recommendations are available. This review critically examines the currently available epidemiologic literature regarding the associations between circulating 25(OH)D, vitamin D supplementation, and vitamin D-related genetic variation and cancer risk and mortality, with a particular emphasis on prospective studies. We identify several important gaps in our scientific knowledge that should be addressed in order to provide sufficient reproducible data to inform evidence-based recommendations related to optimal 25(OH)D concentrations (and any role for vitamin D supplementation) for the primary and secondary prevention of cancer. With few exceptions, such recommendations cannot be made at this time.

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Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and colorectal cancer risk according to tumour immunity status

Cited by 92 publications

References 53 publications

Vitamin D: Metabolism, Molecular Mechanism of Action, and Pleiotropic Effects

Vitamin D: Metabolism, Molecular Mechanism of Action, and Pleiotropic Effects

658 Marine Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake and Survival After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis

Vitamin D and Cancer Risk and Mortality: State of the Science, Gaps, and Challenges

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