Plasma adiponectin levels in newborns are higher than those in adults and positively correlated with birth weight

Abstract

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine plasma adiponectin concentrations during perinatal the period and their correlations with fetal anthropometric parameters and other hormones. DESIGN Venous cord blood samples were obtained from 59 full-term healthy newborns (36 males and 23 females, gestational age 37·0 -41·4 weeks, birth weight 2,146 -4,326 g, birth length 44·0 -54·5 cm). The blood samples were also obtained from 15 neonates (postnatal day 3 -7) whose cord blood had already been collected and the changes in adiponectin concentrations were examined. MEASUREMENTS The adiponectin concentration was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The leptin concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. Insulin, GH and IGF-1 concentrations were determined by immunoradiometric assays. RESULTS The plasma adiponectin concentrations in cord blood ranged from 6·0 to 55·8 µ µ µ µ g/ml (median 22·4 µ µ µ µ g /ml), which were much higher than those in normal-weight adults ( P < 0·0001). In contrast to the findings in adults, these values were positively correlated with birth weight ( r = 0·43, P = 0·0005), body mass index ( r = 0·44, P = 0·0005), birth weight / birth length ratio ( r = 0·46, P = 0·0002) and the leptin concentrations ( r = 0·39, P = 0·004). When the effects of fat massrelated anthropometric parameters such as the birth weight/birth length ratio were controlled, plasma adiponectin concentrations had a significant inverse correlation with insulin concentrations ( r = − − − − 0·35, P = 0·01). There was no significant gender difference in adiponectin concentrations among newborns. The

The development of microalbuminuria is associated with raised longitudinal adiponectin levels in female but not male adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes

“…Observations of raised adiponectin levels in relation to increased urine albumin excretion in girls but not in boys in our study may be important as, in addition to insulin resistance, factors influencing adiponectin levels such as age [15,16], sex [17] and puberty [18] are also associated with risk of microalbuminuria during adolescence [19].…”

“…It is possible that adiponectin levels may not simply reflect levels of insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes. Complex changes in adiponectin levels are seen during childhood, as levels are higher in the newborn period [15] and fall through puberty [16]. Clear sex-related differences have been identified, with higher levels in girls than in boys during early childhood [17] and puberty [18].…”

Association of adiponectin polymorphism with cord blood adiponectin concentrations and intrauterine growth

“…11 Recent studies have shown that cord blood adiponectin concentrations are correlated positively with birth weight, suggesting that fetal adiponectin levels are likely to influence fetal growth. 8,10,27,28 MazakiTovi et al 29 have reported that the cord blood adiponectin concentration in the smaller neonate of discordant twins is lower than that in the larger counterpart. Our result showing that cord blood adiponectin concentrations were positively correlated with birth weight s.d.…”

“…Furthermore, we confirmed previous findings of no gender difference in adiponectin levels. 8,10,11,28 Serum adiponectin levels are known to be inversely correlated with body fat mass in adolescents and adults, whereas cord blood adiponectin concentrations are positively correlated with birth weight s.d. score, mostly determined by fat mass.…”

Relation between fetal anthropometric parameters and cord blood adiponectin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in gestational diabetes mellitus

“…In adults, adiponectin concentration is inversely related to adiposity, but its association with adiposity is poorly understood (9,11,13). Some studies indicate a positive correlation between cord plasma adiponectin concentration and adiposity in infants (8,12,14,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and some have found no significant correlation (9,15).…”