The rapid assembly of ternary heterostructures with robust solar light absorption and high redox potential of photogenerated charged species is a pragmatic approach for achieving photocatalytic activation of tenacious atmospheric molecules. In the current study, a novel CeVO 4 /Bi/Bi 2 MoO 6 ternary heterostructure was fabricated by in situ deposition of CeVO 4 over one-pot-synthesized Bi/Bi 2 MoO 6 binary composite. The effect of the salt precursor and reaction duration on the morphology and crystal structure of Bi/Bi 2 MoO 6 was studied in detail. The initial formation of Bi 2 MoO 6 nanoplates and their subsequent disintegration to nanorods upon prolonged reaction time was observed due to concurrent leaching and reduction of Bi 3+ ions to plasmonic Bi 0 metal. The salt precursors also crucially influenced the reaction kinetics for the formation of Bi/Bi 2 MoO 6 heterostructures. The CeVO 4 /Bi/Bi 2 MoO 6 ternary heterostructure demonstrated a uniform deposition of CeVO 4 nanoparticles (10−20 nm) over Bi 2 MoO 6 nanorods that are embedded with ultrasmall Bi 0 nanodots (2−5 nm). The ternary composites displayed improved surface area, porosity, surface hydrophilic character, strong absorption in the entire UV−visible region, and enhanced space charge separation property. The enhancement in optoelectronic feature is ascribed to the creation of surface oxygen vacancies and plasmonic nature of Bi nanodots. The optimized ternary photocatalyst exhibited encouraging photocatalytic activity for H 2 O 2 generation (953 μM/g/h) and NH 4 + production (131 μmol/g/h) with reaction kinetics 7−20 and 4−5 times greater than those of pure semiconductors and CeVO 4 /Bi 2 MoO 6 binary heterostructure. The apparent conversion efficiencies for O 2 and N 2 reduction were found to be 0.9% and 3.7%, respectively. Energy band structure analysis and spectroscopic investigation of in situ generated radicals indicated a switching of charge migration route from Type-I in CeVO 4 /Bi 2 MoO 6 to Bi 0 -mediated all-solid-state Z-scheme for the CeVO 4 /Bi/Bi 2 MoO 6 composite, which accounted for its improved photocatalytic activity.