Plasma Amino Acid Response to Ingestion of L‐Amino Acids and Whole Protein

Gropper, Sareen S.; Gropper, Daniel M.; Acosta, Phyllis B.

doi:10.1002/j.1536-4801.1993.tb10825.x

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

1993

DOI: 10.1002/j.1536-4801.1993.tb10825.x

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Plasma Amino Acid Response to Ingestion of L‐Amino Acids and Whole Protein

Sareen S. Gropper,

Daniel M. Gropper,

Phyllis B. Acosta

Abstract: SummaryThe effect of whole protein and L‐amino acid ingestion on plasma amino acid concentrations was investigated in 10 men. Each subject ingested equivalent amounts of amino acids as cottage cheese (session 1), an L‐amino acid mixture (session 2), and cottage cheese and L‐amino acids (session 3). Postprandial changes from baseline were larger for essential versus nonessential amino acids in each session. Higher and more rapid rises followed by more rapid declines in individual plasma amino acid concentration… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Healthy, Full‐Term Infants Fed Hydrolysate Infant Formula

Decsi,

Veitl,

Szász

et al. 1996

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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SummaryThe effect of feeding hydrolysate infant formula (HF) on protein and amino acid metabolism was investigated in healthy, full‐term infants who were either breast‐fed (BF, n = 10) or received conventional formula (CF, n = 10) or HF based on soy and beef collagen (n = 10) with equal total protein equivalent contents. There were no differences between groups for gain in weight, length, and head and chest circumferences throughout the study. Plasma concentrations of total proteins, albumin, urea nitrogen, uric acid, and creatinine as well as total amino acid and total essential amino acid concentrations did not differ at the ages of 2, 4, and 8 weeks. In contrast, significant differences were seen in concentrations of five free amino acids. Arginine concentrations were significantly higher at the age of 4 weeks in the infants fed HF than in the other groups (71 ± 12 versus 27 ± 6 and 30 ± 4, μmol/L, mean ± SEM, HF versus BF and CF, p < 0.01). Plasma histidine concentrations were also higher in infants receiving HF (4 weeks: 217 ± 33 versus 91 ± 18, HF versus BF, p < 0.01; 8 weeks: 218 ± 33 versus 105 ± 20, HF versus CF, p < 0.01). The most pronounced feeding‐related differences were seen in plasma glycine concentrations (2 weeks: 653 ± 89 versus 345 ± 55, HF versus BF, p < 0.01; 8 weeks: 613 ± 74 versus 385 ± 56 and 312 ± 46, HF versus BF and CF, p < 0.01), with the mean value exceeding the upper limit of the normal range in infants fed HF. Although the biological importance of the differences observed remains to be clarified, further investigations on amino acid metabolism are needed to establish the final nutritional safety of feeding hydrolysate infant formulae.

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Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Healthy, Full‐Term Infants Fed Hydrolysate Infant Formula

Decsi,

Veitl,

Szász

et al. 1996

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Nutritional Efficacy of Preterm Formula With a Partially Hydrolyzed Protein Source: A Randomized Pilot Study

Picaud,

Rigo,

Normand

et al. 2001

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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BackgroundDecreased nitrogen levels, calcium intestinal absorption rates, and plasma amino acid imbalances were reported for preterm infants who were fed partially hydrolyzed preterm formulas. In this pilot study, we evaluated a new formula with modified nitrogen and calcium sources.MethodsDuring their second week of life, 16 preterm infants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: 9 were fed the new partially hydrolyzed formula and 7 were fed a conventional formula. Nutrient balance was performed at the end of the first month of life. Amino acid concentrations and anthropometric parameters were measured at theoretical term.ResultsBirth weight and gestational age (mean ± SD) were similar in the two groups (28.9 ± 7.0 weeks and 1183 ± 242 g vs. 27.7 ± 1.0 weeks and 1139 ± 162 g). Median nitrogen absorption rates (85% vs. 89%;P = 0.03) and biological values (59% vs. 69%;P = 0.13) were lower for infants who were fed the new formula than for those fed the conventional formula. After correction for difference in nitrogen intake, there was no significant difference in nitrogen retained between the two groups (P = 0.11). Plasma amino acid concentrations were also similar in the two groups. Median calcium absorption tended to be higher in the new‐formula group than in the conventional‐formula group (54% vs. 45%, P = 0.19). At theoretical term, infants fed the conventional formula were heavier than infants fed the new formula (3559 ± 362 g vs. 3193 ± 384 g, P = 0.04).ConclusionsBecause nitrogen content is 10% higher in hydrolyzed‐protein formula than in entire‐protein formula, appropriate nitrogen retention, plasma amino acid profile, and mineral use can be achieved with the new partially hydrolyzed formula. Further studies with larger groups are needed to evaluate the effect on growth.

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Acute effect of an amino acid mixture in the rat glycemic profile

Pena

Guerreiro

Rocha

et al. 2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Amino acid mixtures (AAM) are protein substitutes used for phenylketonuria treatment, but their metabolic effects have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to compare the acute glycemic response to free amino acids (free AA) from AAM with the response to intact protein (iProtein).Male Wistar rats (n = 14) were administered by gavage a bolus of free AA (n = 7) or iProtein as albumin (n = 7) containing equivalent amounts of nitrogen. Blood glucose and insulin levels were measured at baseline and 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes later, when gut GLP-1 content and pancreatic insulin, GLP-1 receptor and Ki67 expression were quantified at 120 minutes time point.After AAM, glucose area under the curve (free AA vs iProtein; P < 0.01), serum insulin levels at 120 minutes (free AA vs iProtein; P < 0.05), colon GLP-1 content (free AA vs iProtein; P < 0.01), pancreatic GLP-1 receptor (free AA vs iProtein; P < 0.01) and insulin expression (free AA vs iProtein; p < 0.01) were significantly lower as compared with iProtein. AAM increased Ki67 expression in pancreatic islets (free AA vs iProtein; P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that acute response to AAM differs from iProtein and is characterized by a lower glucose excursion, along with a decrease in gut GLP-1 and pancreatic GLP-1 receptor and insulin. This data suggests the modulation of glycemia by free AA is mediated by the incretin axis.

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Plasma Amino Acid Response to Ingestion of L‐Amino Acids and Whole Protein

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Healthy, Full‐Term Infants Fed Hydrolysate Infant Formula

Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Healthy, Full‐Term Infants Fed Hydrolysate Infant Formula

Nutritional Efficacy of Preterm Formula With a Partially Hydrolyzed Protein Source: A Randomized Pilot Study

Acute effect of an amino acid mixture in the rat glycemic profile

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