Plasma and aqueous humour levels of homocysteine in exfoliation syndrome

Puustjärvi, Tuomo; Blomster, Hillevi; Kontkanen, Matti; Punnonen, Kari; Teräsvirta, Markku

doi:10.1007/s00417-004-0918-7

Cited by 60 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Elevated homocysteine levels in PEX and its association with chronic inflammation have also been revealed. [32][33][34] Increased homocysteine stimulates proinflammatory markers such as interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, and CRP. [35][36][37] We believe that chronic and systemic inflammation in PEX syndrome may be related with increased serum YKL-40 levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum YKL-40 levels as a novel marker of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Türkyılmaz

Oner

Kırbaş

et al. 2013

Eye

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Purpose To evaluate serum levels of YKL-40 in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) in comparison with those of age-and sex-matched healthy subjects. Methods Forty patients with PEX (PEX group) and 40 age-and sex-matched control subjects (control group) were enrolled in the study. An enzyme immunoassay method using the commercially available test MicroVue YKL-40 was used to measure serum YKL-40 concentration. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures, serum levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglycerides were also examined. Results The mean age was 54.4 ± 7.6 (ranging 41-65) years in each group. The mean serum YKL-40 level of the PEX group was significantly higher than that of the control group (Po0.001). In addition, the mean serum HsCRP, total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides levels were significantly higher, and mean serum HDL level was significantly lower in the PEX group than in the control group (all Po0.001, excluding both P ¼ 0.002 for triglycerides and HDL levels). Further, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in the PEX group than in the control group (P 1 ¼ 0.001 and P 2 ¼ 0.01, respectively). Conclusion We have shown a relationship between PEX and elevated serum levels of YKL-40. We imply that a better understanding of the role of YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis is necessary to develop new therapies for preventing or treating PEX. Further studies are warranted to clarify the clinical relevance of these findings.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum YKL-40 levels as a novel marker of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Türkyılmaz

Oner

Kırbaş

et al. 2013

Eye

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“…PXS has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases [5, 12, 13, 29, 30]. The patients with pseudoexfoliation have lower middle cerebral artery blood flow velocities as assessed by transcranial Doppler equipment [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Glaucoma

et al. 2006

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Purpose: To evaluate ischemic changes in brain magnetic resonance images in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and compare them with age- and sex-matched control subjects. Methods: This case-control study involved 16 consecutive patients with PXS, 21 patients with PXG and 18 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects. Each subject underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination. In all participants, an axial T₁-, T₂- and proton-density-weighted and coronal cerebral 1.5-tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was made. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) were considered present if these were hyperintense on both proton-density- and T₂-weighted images and not hypointense on T₁-weighted images. White matter lesions were classified into two parts as the subcortical and periventricular regions. We used a validated rating scale of subcortical WMH: 0 = absent, 1 = punctuate foci, 2 = beginning confluence of foci and 3 = large confluent areas. Periventricular white matter lesions were classified on a scale of 0 (no white matter lesions), 1 (pencil-thin periventricular lining), 2 (thick lining) or 3 (large confluent white matter lesions). Results: The proportions of persons with WMH were 93.7% for patients with PXS, 95.2% for patients with PXG and 55.5% for control subjects. The numbers of white matter lesions in patients with PXS and PXG were significantly greater than in the control subjects (p < 0.05). White matter lesions at subcortical locations in patients with PXG were significantly more frequent than in the control subjects (80.9 vs. 33.3%; p < 0.05). The proportion of patients with subcortical WMH was 56.2% in PXS; no significant difference was found in subcortical WMH between PXS and controls. The proportions of patients with periventricular WMH were 93% in PXS, 90.4% in PXG and 44.4% in controls. White matter lesions at periventricular locations in patients with PXG and PXS were significantly more frequent than in the control subjects (p < 0.05). The difference between the pseudoexfoliation groups and controls with regard to the size of periventricular and subcortical white matter lesions was statically significant (p < 0.05). When patients with PXS were compared with PXG patients, there was no statistically significant difference in the number, size and scale of white matter lesions. Conclusion: We found a significantly higher prevalence of MRI-defined WMH in patients with a clinical diagnosis of pseudoexfoliation with or without glaucoma versus control subjects. We think that the findings in this study may shed light on a possible link between ischemic brain lesions and pseudoexfoliation, which is not related with the presence of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Further investigations are required to resolve the underlying associations.

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“…Given the findings in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXFG) and high prevalence of PXFG in this region, one would expect both interest and opportunity to conduct studies there. There has been a report on tHcy in pseudoexfoliation syndrome and PXFG combined from Finland; 72 we are not aware of any studies specifically reporting glaucoma. The main determinants of mildly elevated plasma homocysteine remain poor diet, vegetarianism, low folate, low cobalamin, MTHFR mutation, renal impairment and www.intechopen.com medications 5 .…”

Section: Plasma Homocysteine and Chronic Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 92%

Homocysteine in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Glaucoma

Kadhim¹,

Clement²

2011

The Mystery of Glaucoma

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Plasma and aqueous humour levels of homocysteine in exfoliation syndrome

Abstract: The finding that subjects with XFS are more prone to elevated plasma Hcy emphasizes exfoliation as a clinical sign and a marker of thromboembolic vasculopathies induced by hyperhomocysteinaemia.

Cited by 60 publications

References 48 publications

Serum YKL-40 levels as a novel marker of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Serum YKL-40 levels as a novel marker of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Glaucoma

Homocysteine in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Glaucoma

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