Plasma antioxidant capacity of HIV-seropositive and healthy subjects during long-term ingestion of fruit juices or a fruit–vegetable-concentrate containing antioxidant polyphenols

Lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis in HIV-seropositive and healthy subjects during long-term ingestion of fruit juices or a fruit-vegetable-concentrate rich in polyphenols and antioxidant vitamins

“…The macronutrient food composition in HIV þ and HIV À volunteers met the average Western diet. The dietary and total intake of vitamin C, vitamin E and b-carotene was significantly higher in group C than in group J during intervention (Pr0.00001) due to the different composition of the study drinks as reported by Arendt et al (2001). Despite individual choices in the kind of fruit juices ingested, there was no difference in the average polyphenol intake from juices between the HIV þ and HIV À subjects.…”

“…As oxidative stress in CD4 þ T cells is thought to be responsible for impaired proliferation in HIV þ patients (Roederer et al, 1992;Aukrust et al, 1995;Cayota et al, 1996;Müller et al, 2000), the increase in PHA-induced proliferation observed in group J might be explained by decreased oxidative stress in CD4 þ T cells. Owing to parallel changes of antioxidant defense in plasma and cells (Treitinger et al, 2000), a reduction of intracellular oxidative stress might have been detected indirectly by increased plasma antioxidant capacity in HIV þ subjects in group J (Arendt et al, 2001). In HIV þ patients who received the concentrate, PHA-induced proliferation did not change despite an increase in plasma Polyphenols in lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis P Winkler et al antioxidant capacity (Arendt et al, 2001).…”

“…Owing to parallel changes of antioxidant defense in plasma and cells (Treitinger et al, 2000), a reduction of intracellular oxidative stress might have been detected indirectly by increased plasma antioxidant capacity in HIV þ subjects in group J (Arendt et al, 2001). In HIV þ patients who received the concentrate, PHA-induced proliferation did not change despite an increase in plasma Polyphenols in lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis P Winkler et al antioxidant capacity (Arendt et al, 2001). However, antioxidant capacity, measured by the TEAC assay, is an indirect marker for antioxidant and phenolic bioavailability giving an insight into the pro-/antioxidant balance (Ghiselli et al, 2000), but it is not a direct marker for oxidative stress (Prior & Cao, 1999).…”

“…Data on plasma antioxidant capacity, a parameter further investigated in this study, are published elsewhere (Arendt et al, 2001).…”

“…Since quercetin occurs in all fruit juices and in the fruit-vegetable-concentrate used for intervention (Table 2), its concentration was considered as a surrogate marker for the total polyphenol intake from diet and supplementation. The dietary intake of antioxidants and other nutrients was assessed by prospective 7-day intake records completed by the subjects before and during treatment as described earlier by our group (Arendt et al, 2001). The intake of antioxidant vitamins was calculated by the software Nutri guide s plus, Version 1.20 (Nutri-Science GmbH, Umschau Verlag, Frankfurt/Main, Germany), based on Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel (BLS) II.2, 1994, a nutritional database from the Bundesinstitut für gesundheitlichen Verbraucherschutz und Veterinärmedizin (BgVV).…”