Plasma appearance of unesterified astaxanthin geometrical E/Z and optical R/S isomers in men given single doses of a mixture of optical 3 and 3′R/S isomers of astaxanthin fatty acyl diesters

Coral-Hinostroza, G.; Ytrestøyl, Trine; Ruyter, Bente; Bjerkeng, Björn

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2004.09.011

Cited by 122 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…By contrast, the astaxanthin detected in serum samples was solely of the free form. Previous studies of Odeberg,15) using astaxanthin from Haematococcus, and, Coral-Hinostroza, 14) using synthetic astaxanthin diesters, also found that only the free form was present in human blood. These results indicate that like other known xanthophylls, the ester forms of astaxanthin must be also hydrolyzed before absorption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The dose was set to ensure detection of serum astaxanthin based on the report of Odeberg,14) where the dose was set at 40 mg. All the subjects refrained from eating from previous evening to the morning of the study day. A single dose of astaxanthin (a total of 48 mg in the free form in 12 soft capsules, each containing 4 mg of astaxanthin) was administrated with water before and after a meal in the morning.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13) Coral-Hinostroza reported the effects of the administration of a purified chiral isomeric mixture of diester astaxanthin as a dressing onto a pasta salad. 14) With regard to the pharmacokinetics of Haematococcus astaxanthin, Odeberg reported the effects of soft capsule formulations on its bioavailability. 15) Considering the above xanthophyll absorption mechanisms and the fact that dietary fat greatly stimulates the absorption of carotenoid, 16) the bioavailability of astaxanthin must be affected greatly by the timing of its ingestion, before a meal or after.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bioavailability of Astaxanthin inHaematococcusAlgal Extract: The Effects of Timing of Diet and Smoking Habits

Okada

Ishikura

Maoka

2009

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Astaxanthin is a caroteonid that possesses strong antioxidant activity. Recently, many studies on biological activity have been reported. In general, the absorption of carotenoids is affected greatly by diet and by smoking. In this report, we investigated astaxanthin pharmacokinetics after administration of Haematococcus algal extract, a source of astaxanthin, to smokers and nonsmokers before and after a meal; astaxanthin was given before the meal to nonsmokers (n ¼ 7), after the meal to nonsmokers (n ¼ 6), and after the meal to smokers (n ¼ 7), then serum samples were analyzed. The timing of administration greatly affected astaxanthin bioavailability including the area under the curve (AUC 0{168 , 2;968 AE 959 g h/l in the before-meal group vs. 7;219 AE 3;118 g h/l in the after-meal group), indicating high availability in the after-meal group. Smoking also affected the pharmacokinetic parameters and reduced the half-life (t 1=2 ) of astaxanthin elimination significantly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioavailability of Astaxanthin inHaematococcusAlgal Extract: The Effects of Timing of Diet and Smoking Habits

Okada

Ishikura

Maoka

2009

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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“…Adverse effects following the oral administration of 100mg of astaxanthin were not reported by subjects participating in studies that examined the appearance of astaxanthin isomers in the plasma 54,55 . However, these studies were conducted with only three adult male volunteers and a single dose.…”

Section: Astaxanthin and Chronic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin: structural and functional aspects

Seabra

Pedrosa

2010

Rev. Nutr.

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1 Article based on L.M.J. SEABRA' s thesis project entitled "Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp: components of nutritional importance in meat and processing waste. A B S T R A C TAstaxanthin, a carotenoid belonging to the xanthophyll class, has stirred great interest due to its antioxidant capacity and its possible role in reducing the risk of some diseases. Astaxanthin occurs naturally in microalgae, such as Haematococcus pluvialis and the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma, and has also been considered to be the major carotenoid in salmon and crustaceans. Shrimp processing waste, which is generally discarded, is also an important source of astaxanthin. The antioxidant activity of astaxanthin has been observed to modulate biological functions related to lipid peroxidation, having beneficial effects on chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, macular degeneration and cancer. Researches have shown that both astaxanthin obtained from natural sources and its synthetic counterpart produce satisfactory effects, but studies in humans are limited to natural sources. There is no established nutritional recommendation regarding astaxanthin daily intake but most studies reported beneficial results from a daily intake of 4mg. Thus, this review discusses some aspects of the carotenoid astaxanthin, highlighting its chemical structure and antioxidant activity, and some studies that report its use in humans.Indexing terms: Antioxidants. Astaxanthin. Carotenoids. Chronic diseases. R E S U M O

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“…The skin endogenous antioxidants SOD and glutathione (GSH) were protected by astaxanthin from oxygen radical attack [3]. The pharmacokinetic data has revealed that a single dose of 10 mg astaxanthin can persist in the human blood for 24 hours and 100 mg 76 hours [4]. A dose of 1 mg when taken once daily for four weeks can increase the blood levels [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2018

RJLBPCS

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ABSTRACT:The aim of the present investigation was to extract the astaxanthin, a pharmaceutical valuable secondary carotenoid from the Haematococcus pluvialis with different solvents. Extraction of astaxanthin from the encysted cells of H. pluvialis was done with Acetone, DMSO, Hexane, Methanol and pretreating the cells of H. pluvialis with HCL at 70 °C followed by Acetone extraction.The HCL pretreatment was done only in Acetone. 55%, 18.4%, 17.5% and 10% of astaxanthin extractability was found with Acetone, DMSO, Hexane and Methanol respectively without the HCL pretreatment. However, HCL pretreatment followed by Acetone facilitated 90% extractability of astaxanthin. HPTLC analysis of astaxanthin extracted with Acetone and Methanol was compared with standard astaxanthin. Results clearly shows the presence of astaxanthin in Acetone extract. From our present investigation, it is apparent that pretreatment of H. pluvialis cells with HCL followed with Acetone facilitates the astaxanthin extraction. Astaxanthin from Haematococcus will expand not only the consumer space but also medical institution worldwide, therefore optimal extraction method of astaxanthin is important for human welfare.

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Plasma appearance of unesterified astaxanthin geometrical E/Z and optical R/S isomers in men given single doses of a mixture of optical 3 and 3′R/S isomers of astaxanthin fatty acyl diesters

Cited by 122 publications

References 73 publications

Bioavailability of Astaxanthin inHaematococcusAlgal Extract: The Effects of Timing of Diet and Smoking Habits

Bioavailability of Astaxanthin inHaematococcusAlgal Extract: The Effects of Timing of Diet and Smoking Habits

Astaxanthin: structural and functional aspects

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