Plasma-assisted nitriding of aluminum

Chen, H.-Y.; Stock, H.‐R.; Mayr, P.

doi:10.1016/0257-8972(94)90100-7

Cited by 71 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…[6][7][8] AlN layer can be formed on aluminum by several methods: ion implantation, plasma immerse ion implantation (PIII), ball milling and other nitriding methods as listed in Table 1. [9][10][11][12] More effective processing is necessary as an industrial reliable surface treatment for aluminum automotive parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Plasma Nitriding for Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys

2003

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Low hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys limit their use in practical application to automotive parts. Formation of hard aluminum nitride (AlN) layer on the surface can prolong the life time of aluminum automotive parts. Plasma nitriding was selected in the present study to form AlN layer on aluminum alloys. This processing is an environmental friendly method because of its low gas and energy consumption. Normal plasma nitriding requires long processing time to successfully form AlN layer. For advancing this surface treatment, refining microstructure and micro-alloying processes are proposed to activate the formation of AlN by plasma nitriding. Bulk Mechanical Alloying is used not only to make grain-size refinement but also to carry out micro alloying with addition of 1 mass%Ti. The formation rate of AlN layer is improved from 4:2 Â 10 À5 mm/s to 20:8 Â 10 À5 mm/s by microstructure refining. In particular, since the co-formed TiN with AlN works as a template in the initial state nitriding, the micro-alloyed aluminum can be nitrided even without pre-sputtering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Plasma Nitriding for Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys

2003

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“…In the case of aluminum alloys, formation of AlN up to the thickness of 3 mm was reported to significantly increase their wear resistance. 5,6) From the thermodynamic data, free energy of AlN formation is large and negative approximately À462 kJ/gÁatom for nitrogen at 773 K. Hence, the formation of AlN is thermodynamically easy, though AlN cannot be formed by the conventional gas nitriding. An obstacle to AlN formation in gas nitriding of aluminum alloys is a highly stable Al 2 O 3 surface film.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dense Al 2 O 3 film retards the nitrogen diffusion, and acts as a barrier to reaction between metallic aluminum surface and nitrogen. 6,7) Therefore, the most important key to successfully fabricate AlN is to eliminate Al 2 O 3 from the aluminum surface. In fact, many researchers reported that AlN was possible to form on the surface of aluminum alloys only after elimination of Al 2 O 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility of Plasma Nitriding for Effective Surface Treatment of Pure Aluminum

2003

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Cast aluminum with 99.99% purity was successfully plasma nitrided using nitrogen and hydrogen mixed gas. Pre-sputtering was carried out prior to plasma nitriding in order to eliminate surface oxide film. Sputtering and nitriding durations were varied from 3.6 to 18 ks and 72 ks to 252 ks, respectively. The samples were nitrided at 823 and 873 K to observe the effect of nitriding temperature. The nitrided samples were analyzed by GIXD, XPS, and TEM. Through GIXD and XPS results, formation of AlN was distinctly detected as a nitrided surface. Crosssectional microstructure of nitrided samples showed that AlN was formed with the thickness up to 3-5 mm. AlN formation is controlled by the diffusion process. The thickness of AlN layer was determined by the nitriding time and temperature. Partial degradation of AlN in the vicinity of the free surface occurred due to its reaction with moisture in air. Partial detachment of AlN layer occurred due to the residual thermal stress, which was caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between AlN and substrate of Al.

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“…In addition to the traditional chemical and electrolytic processes, newer plasma aided surface engineering processes have attracted increasing attention, in particular to improving the hardness and wear resistance. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Recently, a new electron beam excited plasma (EBEP) source for nitriding was developed by Hara et al 7,8) In our previous work, 9) the results of residual stress and microstructure of nitrided AA5052 and AA5083 alloys layer formed by the new EBEP method were compared. The purpose of this study is mainly to clarify the microstructure of the nitrided AA5052 alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure of Nitrided AA5052 Aluminum Alloy Formed by Electron Beam Excited Plasma Technique

et al. 2005

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The nitriding of the AA5052 aluminum alloy was carried out using an electron beam excited plasma (EBEP) technique. The specimen was characterized with respect to the following properties: crystallographic structure (X-ray powder diffraction) and the surface and cross sectional microstructures of the nitrided layer (AlN layer) observed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The AlN layer was uniformly formed on the AA5052 alloy with the thickness of around 4-5 mm. In the AlN layer, pillarshaped grains were formed perpendicular to the surface with different orientations. The average grain size near the interface between the substrate and the AlN layer was smaller than that near the surface of the AlN layer. On the surface of the AlN layer, the nitrogen concentration was high, and in the middle of the AlN layer, it had a constant concentration like aluminum, and the concentration decreased as it approached the interface. The magnesium concentrates at the interface due to the formation of MgAl 2 O 4 .

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Plasma-assisted nitriding of aluminum

Cited by 71 publications

References 5 publications

Advanced Plasma Nitriding for Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys

Advanced Plasma Nitriding for Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys

Feasibility of Plasma Nitriding for Effective Surface Treatment of Pure Aluminum

Microstructure of Nitrided AA5052 Aluminum Alloy Formed by Electron Beam Excited Plasma Technique

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