Plasma beta dependence of turbulent transport suggesting an advantage of weak magnetic shear from local and global gyrokinetic simulations

Abstract

A higher plasma $\beta$ is desirable for realizing high performance fusion reactor, in fact, one of the three goals of JT-60SA project is to achieve a high-$\beta$ regime. We investigate key physical processes that regulate the $\beta$ dependence of turbulent transport in L-mode plasmas by means of both local and global gyrokinetic simulations. From local simulations, we found that the turbulent transport does not decrease as $\beta$ increases, because the electromagnetic stabilizing effect is canceled out by the increase of the Shafranov shift. This influence of the Shafranov shift is suppressed when the magnetic shear is weak, and thus the electromagnetic stabilization is prominent in weak shear plasmas, suggesting an advantage of weak magnetic shear plasmas for achieving a high-$\beta$ regime. In high $\beta$ regime, local gyrokinetic simulations are suffered from the non-saturation of turbulence level. In global simulations, by contrast, the electromagnetic turbulence gets saturated by the entropy advection in the radial direction to avoid the zonal flow erosion due to magnetic fluctuations. This breakthrough enables us to explore turbulent transport at a higher $\beta$ regime by gyrokinetic simulations.

Turbulent particle pinch in gyrokinetic flux-driven ITG/TEM turbulence

“…The other candidate to satisfy the total balance is turbulent particle flux by E × B drift (n = 0) Γ E×B(n=0), s given by equation (15), which was not precisely considered in the other simulations. Figure 12 show the temporal evolutions of the sum of turbulent ion and electron particle fluxes by E × B drift (n ̸ = 0), turbulent ion particle flux by magnetic drift, and turbulent ion particle flux by E × B drift (n = 0).…”

“…Based on this motivation, we perform flux-driven ITG/TEM simulations in the presence of ion/electron heating by means of the full-f electrostatic version of our global gyrokinetic code GKNET [7][8][9][10] with kinetic electron dynamics [11], while there is another version of the GKNET code that solves electromagnetic δf global gyrokinetic equations [12][13][14] including the fast ion effects [15]. The full-f electrostatic GKNET enables us to precisely consider the self-consistent mean E r determined by the radial force balance with the pressure and poloidal/toroidal flow profiles controlled by external source and sink.…”