Plasma catalytic hybrid processes: gas discharge initiation and plasma activation of catalytic processes

Hammer, Thomas; Kappes, Th.; Baldauf, M.

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.001

Cited by 152 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In 2003, Ogata et al [20] confirmed: (i) the positive impact of porous and high specific surface materials; and (ii) the possible activation of catalytic surfaces under plasma exposure. The activation of various catalytic surfaces, among them metal loaded catalysts, was also confirmed by Hammer et al [21], Kirkpatrick et al [22] and Ayrault et al [23]. Various papers pointing out the synergetic effects between plasma and catalysts in the IPC configuration were published and tried to raise and validate hypotheses to explain this positive interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Plasma-Catalytic Mineralization of Toluene Adsorbed on CeO2

et al. 2018

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Abstract:In the context of coupling nonthermal plasmas with catalytic materials, CeO 2 is used as adsorbent for toluene and combined with plasma for toluene oxidation. Two configurations are addressed for the regeneration of toluene saturated CeO 2 : (i) in plasma-catalysis (IPC); and (ii) post plasma-catalysis (PPC). As an advanced oxidation technique, the performances of toluene mineralization by the plasma-catalytic systems are evaluated and compared through the formation of CO 2 . First, the adsorption of 100 ppm of toluene onto CeO 2 is characterized in detail. Total, reversible and irreversible adsorbed fractions are quantified. Specific attention is paid to the influence of relative humidity (RH): (i) on the adsorption of toluene on CeO 2 ; and (ii) on the formation of ozone in IPC and PPC reactors. Then, the mineralization yield and the mineralization efficiency of adsorbed toluene are defined and investigated as a function of the specific input energy (SIE). Under these conditions, IPC and PPC reactors are compared. Interestingly, the highest mineralization yield and efficiency are achieved using the in-situ configuration operated with the lowest SIE, that is, lean conditions of ozone. Based on these results, the specific impact of RH on the IPC treatment of toluene adsorbed on CeO 2 is addressed. Taking into account the impact of RH on toluene adsorption and ozone production, it is evidenced that the mineralization of toluene adsorbed on CeO 2 is directly controlled by the amount of ozone produced by the discharge and decomposed on the surface of the coupling material. Results highlight the key role of ozone in the mineralization process and the possible detrimental effect of moisture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Plasma-Catalytic Mineralization of Toluene Adsorbed on CeO2

et al. 2018

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“…The IPC involves placing the catalyst in the discharge area since this potentially allows making use of the short lived intermediates created by the plasma for reaction on the catalyst surface. In the PPC, the catalyst is placed downstream of the plasma and in this case the lifetime of the intermediates formed by the plasma must be sufficiently long to influence the reaction on the catalyst surface [4]. These configurations are shown in Figure 1Figure 1.…”

Section:  Electronic Excitation Of Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Gas heating (Joule effect) by vibrational excitation and dissociation of molecules, which proceed much faster than in any conventional heat exchanger due to electronic and ionic collision [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-thermal-plasma-activated de-NO _x catalysis

Gholami

Stere

Goguet

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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The combination of non-thermal plasma (NTP) with catalyst systems as an alternative technology to remove NO x emissions in the exhaust of lean-burn stationary and mobile sources is reviewed. Several factors, such as low exhaust gas temperatures (below 300°C), low selectivity to N 2 and the presence of impurities, make current thermally activated technologies inefficient. Various hybrid plasma–catalyst systems have been examined and shown to have a synergistic effect on de-NO x efficiency when compared with NTP or catalyst-alone systems. The NTP is believed to form oxygenated species, such as aldehydes and nitrogen-containing organic species, and to convert NO to NO 2 , which improves the reduction efficiency of N 2 during hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reduction reactions. The NTP has been used as a pretreatment to convert NO to its higher oxidation states such as NO 2 to improve NO x reduction efficiency in the subsequent processes, e.g. NH 3 -selective catalytic reduction. It has been applied to the lean phase of the NO x storage to improve the adsorption capacity of the catalyst by conversion of NO to NO 2 . Alternatively, a catalyst with high adsorption capacity is chosen and the NTP is applied to the rich phase to improve the reduction activity of the catalyst at low temperature. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Providing sustainable catalytic solutions for a rapidly changing world’.

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“…In the case of plasma reforming, the network of reforming reactions is the same as that in conventional reforming. However, energy and free radicals used for the reforming reaction are provided by plasma typically generated with electricity or heat [32][33][34][35]. When water or steam is injected with the fuel, H…”

Section: Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…∘ C) with a high degree of control using electricity [32][33][34][35]. The heat generated is independent of reaction chemistry, and optimal operating conditions can be maintained over a wide range of feed rates and gas compositions.…”

Section: Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Production Technologies: Current State and Future Developments

Kalamaras

Efstathiou

2013

Conference Papers in Energy

357

177

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Hydrogen (H2) is currently used mainly in the chemical industry for the production of ammonia and methanol. Nevertheless, in the near future, hydrogen is expected to become a significant fuel that will largely contribute to the quality of atmospheric air. Hydrogen as a chemical element (H) is the most widespread one on the earth and as molecular dihydrogen (H2) can be obtained from a number of sources both renewable and nonrenewable by various processes. Hydrogen global production has so far been dominated by fossil fuels, with the most significant contemporary technologies being the steam reforming of hydrocarbons (e.g., natural gas). Pure hydrogen is also produced by electrolysis of water, an energy demanding process. This work reviews the current technologies used for hydrogen (H2) production from both fossil and renewable biomass resources, including reforming (steam, partial oxidation, autothermal, plasma, and aqueous phase) and pyrolysis. In addition, other methods for generating hydrogen (e.g., electrolysis of water) and purification methods, such as desulfurization and water-gas shift reactions are discussed.

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Plasma catalytic hybrid processes: gas discharge initiation and plasma activation of catalytic processes

Cited by 152 publications

References 27 publications

Plasma-Catalytic Mineralization of Toluene Adsorbed on CeO2

Plasma-Catalytic Mineralization of Toluene Adsorbed on CeO2

Non-thermal-plasma-activated de-NO _x catalysis

Hydrogen Production Technologies: Current State and Future Developments

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Plasma catalytic hybrid processes: gas discharge initiation and plasma activation of catalytic processes

Cited by 152 publications

References 27 publications

Plasma-Catalytic Mineralization of Toluene Adsorbed on CeO2

Plasma-Catalytic Mineralization of Toluene Adsorbed on CeO2

Non-thermal-plasma-activated de-NO x catalysis

Hydrogen Production Technologies: Current State and Future Developments

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Product

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Non-thermal-plasma-activated de-NO _x catalysis