Plasma catecholamine concentration during dynamic exercise involving different muscle groups

Davies, C. T. M.; Few, J. D.; Foster, Kelly; Sargeant, A. J.

doi:10.1007/bf00423215

Cited by 78 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This discussion will be limited to the role of arterial baroreceptors in the regulation of arterial blood pressure during exercise. Studies in humans (Vendsalu, 1960;Blair et al v 1961;Haggendal et al, 1970;Davies et al, 1974 Euler, 1974) and in dogs (Peronnet, 1981) have demonstrated increased plasma catecholamine levels with increasing severity of exercise. The elevated plasma catecholamine levels have been attributed to overflow of transmitter from the sympathetic nerve terminals and are considered to reflect the level of sympathetic adrenergic activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition by carotid baroreflex of exercise-induced increases in arterial pressure.

Walgenbach¹,

Donald²

1983

Circulation Research

114

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SUMMARY. Mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output were measured during continuous graded exercise (5.5 km/hr; 0, 7, 14, and 21% grades) in conscious dogs, under each of the following four conditions: (1) baroreceptors intact, (2) chronic aortic arch denervation, (3) chronic aortic arch denervation and surgical preparation of the carotid sinuses for later reversible vascular isolation, and (4) chronic aortic arch denervation and carotid sinuses vascularly isolated at a fixed pressure. Arterial blood pressure increased with increasing work load to a maximum of 12 ± 3, 18 ± 5, and 14 + 5 mm Hg above control in conditions 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In condition 4, the maximum increase in pressure during graded exercise was 51 ± 7 mm Hg above control. Upon cessation of graded exercise, the increase in arterial pressure persisted through the 5-minute recovery period. Heart rate and cardiac output increased similarly in proportion to work load under all four conditions. In contrast to dogs in condition 4, three dogs with chronic sinoaortic denervation showed no work load-related increase in arterial pressure during exercise. Thus, during exercise, the carotid baroreflex acts to balance finely the opposing effects of sympathetic vasoconstriction and metabolic vasodilation. (Circ Res 52: 253-262, 1983) THE QUESTION of regulation of arterial blood pressure by carotid and aortic baroreceptors during exercise is controversial (Bevegard and Shepherd, 1966;Vatner et al., 1970; Krasney et al v 1974; McRitchie et al., 1976;Melcher and Donald, 1981). Studies in dogs have utilized chronic denervation of aortic and of carotid baroreceptors, singly or in combination. Using these techniques, Krasney et al. (1974) and McRitchie et al. (1976) have concluded that arterial baroreflexes are not involved in the regulation of arterial pressure during exercise. The development of a technique to produce reversible vascular isolation of the carotid sinuses (Stephenson and Donald, 1980a) has permitted evaluation of the role of the carotid baroreflex in the regulation of arterial pressure by examining the cardiovascular responses when the carotid sinuses are acutely prevented from responding to arterial pressure. Melcher and Donald (1981) used this preparation in conscious exercising dogs and found that the response of arterial blood pressure to light and to severe exercise was normal when only the carotid baroreceptors or only the aortic and vagal cardiopulmonary receptors were able to respond to the stress. When all three systems were inoperative, arterial pressure fell with the start of light exercise and remained depressed throughout the run. They concluded that the carotid baroreflex had a significant, although not indispensable, role in the complex interaction of the several mechanisms that act to maintain arterial pressure during exercise.This study examines the ability of carotid baroreceptors to regulate arterial pressure during graded exercise in the chronic absence of the aortic baroreflex. Two preparations wer...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition by carotid baroreflex of exercise-induced increases in arterial pressure.

Walgenbach¹,

Donald²

1983

Circulation Research

114

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“…Moreover, it shows that the high catecholamine concentrations observed in severe dynamic exercise (Davies et al, 1974;Davies & Few, 1973) are not the immediate cause of the concomitant adrenocortical activation in that situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It is now recognized that dynamic exercise exceeding 60% of the maximum aerobic power raises the plasma cortisol (Davies & Few, 1973) and the plasma catecholamines (Davies, Few, Foster & Sargeant, 1974). By contrast, very little is known of adrenal responses to static exercise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Static Exercise in Man

1975

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1. Changes in plasma concentrations of catecholamines and cortisol were measured before and after static exercise performed by the subject pushing with both legs against a strain-gauge bar. No marked changes in plasma catecholamine were observed but plasma cortisol increased after the subject pushed for 3 min at 50% of maximum force. 2. Holding a 20 kg weight for 5 min in one hand caused a rise in plasma cortisol and in plasma ACTH but no changes in growth hormone were observed.

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“…Plasma levels of both cortisol (Davies & Few, 1973;Few, 1974) and catecholamines (Davies, Few, Foster & Sargeant, 1974) are raised by exercise of adequate degree and duration. No convincing explanation of the initiation of the exercise-induced rise in cortisol secretion has yet been advanced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the infusion of noradrenaline on plasma cortisol levels in man.

Few¹,

Gawel²,

Imms³

et al. 1980

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Noradrenaline was infused into normal resting male subjects for consecutive 20 min periods at 3, 7-5 and 15 Itg min'. At the end of the 1 hr of noradrenaline infusion, total catecholamine levels were in the range 4-6 Itg 1.-i, comparable with those observed in severe exercise.2. At all rates of infusion there were marked elevations of arterial blood pressure leading to reflex reductions of heart rate. Blood flow in the foot was reduced but blood flow in the calf was unaffected. Following the infusion, blood pressure rapidly returned to normal but the heart rate was raised by some 15 beats min-higher than the preinfusion control for at least 90 min.3. Plasma cortisol tended to decrease slightly during the noradrenaline infusion but in twelve out of seventeen experiments it began to rise 30-75 min after termination of the infusion, reaching values 5-15 flg 100 ml.-' higher than those at the end of the noradrenaline infusion. Simultaneous rises in plasma aldosterone level were observed in those experiments in which it was measured.4. Because of the long delay in the onset of hypercortisolaemia it is suggested that this is initiated not by the noradrenaline levels per se but by some physiological readjustments to the rapid fall in plasma noradrenaline level when the infusion was discontinued. The nature of these changes was not determined.5. It is concluded that the elevated levels of plasma noradrenaline observed during exercise are not responsible for the synchronous increases in cortisol secretion.

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Plasma catecholamine concentration during dynamic exercise involving different muscle groups

Cited by 78 publications

References 23 publications

Inhibition by carotid baroreflex of exercise-induced increases in arterial pressure.

Inhibition by carotid baroreflex of exercise-induced increases in arterial pressure.

Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Static Exercise in Man

The influence of the infusion of noradrenaline on plasma cortisol levels in man.

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