Plasma concentrations of corticosterone and thyroid hormones in laying fowls from different housing systems

Gibson, S W; Hughes, B.O.; Harvey, S.; Dun, P.

doi:10.1080/00071668608416921

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…CoRT, widely recognized as a criterion of stress response, has been shown to increase when animals are exposed to acute stressors such as transportation and feed deprivation [33,39]. However, cyclic heat stress or vitamin feeding C under heat stress in our study did not affect the CoRT level, which was similar to the result reported by gibson et al [10] who showed prolonged stress did not affect the CoRT level. This study demonstrated that consecutive cyclic heat stress significantly upregulated the mRNA expression levels of hepatic HSP70, TNF-α, iNOS, and GPX, whereas rats that received vitamin C during heat stress showed similar levels for parameters compared with the control rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of Cyclic Heat Stress or Vitamin C Supplementation during Cyclic Heat Stress on HSP70, Inflammatory Cytokines, and the Antioxidant Defense System in Sprague Dawley Rats

et al. 2012

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A total of 21 male SD rats were divided into three groups to investigate the effects of consecutive cyclic heat stress or vitamin C under heat stress on heat shock protein (HSP) 70, inflammatory cytokines, and antioxidant systems. The heat stress (HS) and vitamin C supplementation during heat stress (HS+VC) groups were exposed to cyclic heat stress (23 to 38 to 23°C) for 2 h on each of seven consecutive days. The HS+VC group had free access to water containing 0.5% vitamin C throughout the experiment. Hepatic HSP70 mRNA in the HS group was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the control (CON) or HS+VC group. The mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the HS group were greater (P<0.05) than those in the CON group. The HS+VC group showed significantly (P<0.05) lower mRNA levels of hepatic interleukin-6 and TNF-α than the HS group. However, thymic HSP70 and inflammatory cytokines were unaffected by treatments. In the hepatic antioxidant system, the mRNA and activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were greater (P<0.05) in the HS than in the CON group, whereas the HS+VC group showed markedly (P<0.05) lower GPX mRNA and activity than the HS group. However, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, and malondialdehyde were unaffected by treatments. In conclusion, cyclic heat stress activated hepatic HSP70, TNF-α, iNOS, and GPX genes, whereas vitamin C during heat stress ameliorated heat stress-induced cellular responses in rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of Cyclic Heat Stress or Vitamin C Supplementation during Cyclic Heat Stress on HSP70, Inflammatory Cytokines, and the Antioxidant Defense System in Sprague Dawley Rats

et al. 2012

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“…The extent of corticosterone release in laying hens is also associated with the population density on an area unit in cage technologies (Mashaly et al, 1984;Koelkebeck et al, 1986;Gibson et al, 1986;Lagadic et al, 1990;Littin and Cockrem, 2001;Onbasilar and Aksoy, 2005). Higher corticosterone levels were detected in animals kept in cages with a greater number of laying hens per area unit (Edens et al, 1982), as observed, e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Lower mean corticosterone levels in the blood plasma of laying hens (0.57 ng ml -1 ) were reported in standard cage technology with an area of 690 cm 2 /bird (Mench et al, 1986). Other authors observed corticosterone levels of 1.43 ng ml -1 (Gibson et al, 1986) and 1.23 to 1.65 ng ml -1 (Lagadic et al, 1990) in blood plasma of laying hens kept in standard cage technology.…”

Section: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 56 2008mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The results show that plasma corticosterone levels increased with increased density of the hen population, in which potentially stressful changes occur in the environmental conditions and social structure of the group (Koelkebeck et al, 1986;Gibson et al, 1986;Davami et al, 1987;Littin and Cockrem, 2001;Onbasilar and Aksoy, 2005). A significant effect of population density on corticosterone release was detected in cage systems with an available area of 310 to 520 cm 2 /bird (Edens et al, 1982;Mashaly et al, 1984).…”

Section: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 56 2008mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of housing technology on blood plasma corticosterone levels in laying hens

Pavlík

Ježová

Zapletal

et al. 2008

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that keeping laying hens in an enriched environment supposed to represent a better welfare for the birds is accompanied by decreased corticosterone levels, compared to hens kept under traditional conditions. Plasma corticosterone levels in hens reared in standard and enriched cages and those kept on deep litter from 15 to 75 weeks of age were evaluated. The highest corticosterone levels were observed in hens kept on deep litter, which was associated with a lower intensity of egg production, longest time of movement and a high percentage of time spent dustbathing and scratching. Hens housed in the enriched environment exhibited low levels of aggression, low body weight at the end of the experiment and similar or higher corticosterone levels compared to those of hens kept under standard conditions. Thus, the results of the present study show that housing technologies which are more similar to the animal's natural environment need not be associated with decreased levels of plasma corticosterone. Keeping hens in traditional cage technology was not found to be particularly stressful, which may be an important finding with respect to the current restrictions on outside housing in regions with an increased risk of viral infection.

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“…However, the appropriate way to assess physiological responses to monitor stress and welfare of hens under various husbandry conditions are extremely difficult (Puvadolpirod and Thaxton, 2000) because birds are exposed to a variety of external and internal stressors. Currently, conflicting studies reported that housing conditions affected (Siegal, 1985;Shini, 2003) or unaffected (Gibson et al, 1986;Singh et al, 2009) stress parameters including hematological values, corticoterone level and antibody production in birds. There is still a lack of reliability regarding the effects of housing conditions on physiological indicators because of a much more complexity of the design of the studies including the type and stocking density of housing facilities, the extent of environmental conditions, the diversities of genetics, and the sort of physiological indicators (Cook, 1991;Cheng and Muir, 2004;Buijs et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Housing Systems on Physiological and Immunological Parameters in Laying Hens

Kang¹,

Ko²,

Moon³

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science and Technology

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The aim of this study was to assess the effects of housing systems on physiological and immunological responses as stress indicators in laying hens. A total of 500 White Leghorn aged 16 weeks were allotted into ten conventional cages (10 birds/cage and 810 cm 2 /bird) and four floor pens (100 birds/pen and 2,800 cm 2 /bird) for 24 weeks. The hens housed in conventional cages with higher stocking density resulted in a significantly (P<0.05) lower BW compared with those housed in floor pens with lower stocking density without affecting the relative weights of immune organs between housing conditions. In plasma biochemical values, cholesterol and corticosterone were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the hens housed in floor pens compared with those housed in conventional cages. In pro-inflammatory cytokines, hepatic interleukin (IL)-10 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the hens housed in conventional cages compared with those kept in floor pens. Splenic and thymic IFN-γ expression was significantly (P<0.05) up-regulated in the hens kept in conventional cages compared with those kept in floor pens without affecting IL-1, IL-10, lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor (LITAF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In the bursa of Fabricius, IL-10 and iNOS expression of the hens housed in conventional cages were significantly (P<0.05) higher compared with those of the hens housed in floor pens. In conclusion, layers housed in conventional cages enhanced plasma cholesterol, corticosterone and some pro-inflammatory cytokines in the immune organs compared with those in floor pens.

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Plasma concentrations of corticosterone and thyroid hormones in laying fowls from different housing systems

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Effects of Cyclic Heat Stress or Vitamin C Supplementation during Cyclic Heat Stress on HSP70, Inflammatory Cytokines, and the Antioxidant Defense System in Sprague Dawley Rats

Effects of Cyclic Heat Stress or Vitamin C Supplementation during Cyclic Heat Stress on HSP70, Inflammatory Cytokines, and the Antioxidant Defense System in Sprague Dawley Rats

Impact of housing technology on blood plasma corticosterone levels in laying hens

Effects of Housing Systems on Physiological and Immunological Parameters in Laying Hens

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