Plasma content of cholesterol and glycerol alcohols depends on the number of fatty acid double bonds in lipoprotein lipid pool

Abstract

The number of the fatty acid double bonds (unsaturation degree) in the plasma lipid pool was evaluated by automated ozone titration. A positive relationship between the content of double bonds, cholesterol, and glycerol was detected. The higher was plasma cholesterol level, the more double bonds contained fatty acids. At cholesterol level of 0.8-18.9 mmol/liter the double bond/cholesterol ratio approached 4.0 and double bond/glycerol ratio was 1.3-1.5. The maximum content of double bonds was detected in LDL. It was hypothesized that the greater part of plasma cholesterol is esterified with arachidonic acid possessing 4 double bonds; three fatty acids are esterified with glycerol, which altogether have 1-3 double bonds. It seems that plasma cholesterol level indirectly but significantly reflects the level of essential polyenic fatty acids, while glycerol reflects the levels of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The role of cholesterol in the plasma consists in the participation in transfer of essential fatty acid in the nonpolar form and their absorption by cells. LDL are the main transmitters of essential polyenic fatty acids in the form of cholesterol esters.

Membrane Fluidity: About the Origin of Autoimmunity

“…This would mean that high serum cholesterol levels can be lowered by uptake of extra portions of essential fatty acids. This exactly is the case and was shown in several studies [4]- [6].…”

“…In Western civilization, the pollution of the environment leads to oxidative stress: nitrose or sulfoxide gases and ozone originating from pollution, lead to biochemical oxidation. This leads to free radicals in the body, these oxidize the essential fatty acids in membranes [6]. This leads to a decrease of fluidity.…”

Consecutive formation of the functions of high-, low-density and very-low-density lipoproteins during phylogenesis. Unique algorithm of the effects of lipid-lowering drugs

“…Таким образом: а) неэтерифицированный ХС в плазме крови, межкле-точной среде и ЛП это полярная форма ХС; б) моно-ЭХС это не-полярная форма ХС; в) поли-ЭХС это неполярная форма ПНЖК. Поэтому не стоит говорить суммарно о содержании ЭХС в ЛПВП; функция моно-ЭХС и поли-ЭХС существенно различает-ся [16].…”