Plasma cytokine profiles in depressed patients who fail to respond to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy

O’Brien, Sarah; Scully, Paul; Fitzgerald, Peter; Scott, Lucinda V.; Dinan, Timothy G.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.05.013

Cited by 320 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…5 In patients with treatment-resistant depression there are elevated cytokine levels although the treatment, which also implies a link between depression, antidepressants, and immune system. 6 Depressive symptoms induced by interferon α in people may be affected by treatment with the SSRI antidepressant paroxetine. 7 On the other hand, the anti-inflammatory effect of antidepressants may be useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases that accompany depression or antidepressants can be used alone for this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of fluoxetine in rat models of inflammation

et al. 2015

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of fluoxetine in carrageenan-and lipoplysaccharideinduced models of inflammation by investigating the changes in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β after single and repeated administration of the drug. To study the effect of a single and repeated dose fluoxetine on carrageenan-induced paw edema male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 8): control group; positive control group; and three experimental groups treated with 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg bodyweight (bw) fluoxetine, respectively. To study the effect of a single and repeated dose of fluoxetine on serum cytokine levels, the animals were divided in four groups (n = 8): two control groups treated with saline and two experimental groups treated with fluoxetine 20 mg/kg bw. Carrageenan and LPS were injected immediately after fluoxetine or saline injection. Serum cytokine concentrations were tested by enzyme immunoassay. In single administration only the highest dose used inhibited carrageenan-induced inflammation. Edema inhibition was seen with 10 and 20 mg/kg bw fluoxetine after repeated administration. At 24 h a statistically significant effect on inhibition of carrageenan edema was found only in rats treated with 20 mg/kg bw fluoxetine In carrageenan-induced inflammation, fluoxetine significantly increased Il-10 and decreased TNF-α after repeated administration. Surprisingly, in single-dose treated animals an increase in TNF-α values upon fluoxetine administration was observed in this model of inflammation. In LPS-induced inflammation, fluoxetine significantly decreased TNF-α after single and repeated treatment. Fluoxetine has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect in the carrageenan-induced model of exudative inflammation. In LPS-induced inflammation it showed an immunomodulatory effect manifested with a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of fluoxetine in rat models of inflammation

et al. 2015

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“…Furthermore, patients with SSRI-resistant depression were shown to have higher IL-6 and TNF-α levels compared to normal controls, and formerly SSRI-resistant patients (O'Brien et al, 2007).…”

Section: The Inflammatory Process and Hypothesis In Mddmentioning

confidence: 97%

A review of the relationship between proinflammatory cytokines and major depressive disorder

Young

Bruno

Pomara

2014

Journal of Affective Disorders

360

228

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Cite this article as: Juan Young, Davide Bruno, Nunzio Pomara, A review of the relationship between proinflammatory Cytokines and major depressive disorder, Journal of Affective Disorders, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.jad.2014.07.032 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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“…An investigation on patients with rapid-cycling bipolar disorder also showed that obesity was associated with a poorer treatment response to lithium and valproate (Kemp et al, 2010). Inflammation and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production, commonly observed in obesity, are also associated with a poor antidepressant treatment response (Eller et al, 2008, O'Brien et al, 2007, Yoshimura et al, 2009. No studies have been identified investigating the effect of obesity on psychological and other non-drug treatments for psychiatric disorders.…”

Section: What Effect Does Obesity Have On Treatment Outcomes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and psychiatric disorders: Commonalities in dysregulated biological pathways and their implications for treatment

Lopresti

Drummond

2013

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

196

128

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Rates of obesity are higher than normal across a range of psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and anxiety disorders. While the problem of obesity is generally acknowledged in mental health research and treatment, an understanding of their bi-directional relationship is still developing. In this review the association between obesity and psychiatric disorders is summarised, with a specific emphasis on similarities in their disturbed biological pathways; namely neurotransmitter imbalances, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis disturbances, dysregulated inflammatory pathways, increased oxidative and nitrosative stress, mitochondrial disturbances, and neuroprogression. The applicability and effectiveness of weight-loss interventions in psychiatric populations is reviewed along with their potential efficacy in ameliorating disturbed biological pathways, particularly those mediating inflammation and oxidative stress. It is proposed that weight loss may not only be an effective intervention to enhance physical health but may also improve mental health outcomes and slow the rate of neuroprogressive disturbances in psychiatric disorders. Areas of future research to help expand our understanding of the relationship between obesity and psychiatric disorders are also outlined.

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Plasma cytokine profiles in depressed patients who fail to respond to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy

Cited by 320 publications

References 29 publications

Study on anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of fluoxetine in rat models of inflammation

Study on anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of fluoxetine in rat models of inflammation

A review of the relationship between proinflammatory cytokines and major depressive disorder

Obesity and psychiatric disorders: Commonalities in dysregulated biological pathways and their implications for treatment

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