Plasma dopamine-?-hydroxylase in childhood psychosis

Belmaker, Robert H.; Hattab, Jocelyn; Ebstein, Richard P.

doi:10.1007/bf01539632

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the study by Lake and colleagues (1977), which included measurement of plasma NE and DBH, platelet MA0 was not different in autistic than in control subjects. Platelet MA0 was not found to differ in subjects with functional psychoses compared with those having organic psychoses (Belmaker et al, 1978).…”

Section: Monoamine Oxidasementioning

confidence: 68%

“…Plasma CAMP was not found to differ between subjects with functional and organic psychoses (Belmaker et al, 1978). However, when children with infantile autism (DSM I11 criteria) or COPDD were compared with age-and sex-matched normal control children, plasma CAMP, but not cGMP, was found to be elevated (Goldberg et al, 1984).…”

Section: Second-messenger Systemsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Red blood cells. Red blood cell catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) was not found to differ in subjects with functional and organic psychoses (Belmaker et al, 1978).…”

Section: Catechol-o-methyl Transferasementioning

confidence: 98%

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Autism: Review of neurochemical investigation

Cook

1990

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171

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The neurochemistry of autism, the most well-validated childhood neuropsychiatric disorder, has been studied extensively over the past three decades. Autism is of interest neurochemically because it represents a relatively homogeneous disorder with a triad of social, communicative, and intellectual developmental disturbance. Because a sufficient animal model has been lacking and relatively few diagnosed people with autism have died, most investigation has been of peripheral fluids and tissues. The most consistent finding has been that over 25% of autistic children and adolescents are hyperserotonemic. However, after 29 years of investigation, the mechanism of hyperserotonemia has not been determined. Hyperserotonemia has been found to be familial. Elevated plasma norepinephrine has also been a replicated finding. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opiate activity has been found to be elevated in two studies. Plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has been found to be elevated in autistic children. A high rate of nonsuppression after dexamethasone and blunted or delayed growth hormone response to L-dopa have been found. Abnormal cell-mediated immunity has been replicated consistently in autism. Although several pharmacological trials have been conducted and shown promise in initial open trials, only "typical" antipsychotic drugs have shown replicable chronic ameliorating effects in double-blind trials. However, chronic neurotoxicity (tardive dyskinesia) has also been revealed. Findings of morphological changes in the cerebellum have been replicated. Findings in need of replication include diminished platelet function, increased baseline CSF homovanillic acid, decreased nerve cell adhesion molecule serum fragment, blunted prolactin response to fenfluramine, amelioration of symptoms by naltrexone and bromocriptine, reduced electroretinographic (ERG) b-wave amplitude, and morphological changes in the hippocampus, amygdala, and septal nuclei. In addition to refining and replicating past findings, future directions that may be fruitful include investigation of neurochemical aspects of platelet function, of interactions between monoaminergic systems, of phosphatidylinositides, and of pharmacological response to "atypical" antipsychotic agents and relatively selective serotonin receptor subtype agonists or antagonists.

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Section: Monoamine Oxidasementioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Second-messenger Systemsmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Autism: Review of neurochemical investigation

Cook

1990

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171

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“…A subsequent report from another laboratory showed a reduction in plasma DBH activity in autistic children compared to control groups (Lake, Ziegler, & Murphy, 1977). Finally, plasma DBH was significantly higher in children with functional psychoses when compared to psychotic children known to have an organic disorder (Belmaker, Hattab, & Ebstein, 1978). The autistic children we have studied did not have a mean DBH activity different from control groups or other diagnostic subgroups.…”

Section: Comparison Across Diagnostic Groupsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity: Clinical applications in child psychiatry

Young

Kyprie

Ross

et al. 1980

J Autism Dev Disord

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Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity was measured in 44 children with psychiatric disorders and 44 controls in order to determine significant variables affecting its potential use as a marker for specific molecular pathology in the neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood. The assay procedure was reliable and the serum enzyme activity for individuals appears to be stable. There is a very broad distribution of serum DBH activity in the population, and it is similar in males and females. The genetic determination of serum DBH activity was clear in this study, and the enzyme activity increased with age through childhood and adolescence. Thyroid hormone had no effect on serum DBH activity in euthyroid subjects. No difference in mean serum DBH activity emerged across diagnostic groups. When the findings were considered in relation to the results of other studies, it was concluded that the wide range of serum DBH activities in normal and patient populations, as well as developmental effects on the activity of the enzyme, make comparison of DBH activity among diagnostic groups in childhood difficult. Large subject groups, and a consideration of genetic and developmental effects, will clarify possible syndrome-related differences in enzyme activity.

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“…DβH is the sole enzyme responsible for converting dopamine (DA) to norepinephrine (NE) in humans. Measures of DβH enzyme activity and/or the genetic markers linked to its activity have been reported previously to be associated with substance-and non-substance-related psychosis [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] and substance (i.e. alcohol, nicotine) use or dependence [35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of methamphetamine-induced paranoia and preliminary genetic association withDBH-1021C→T in a Thai treatment cohort

et al. 2014

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Aims To explore clinical features of methamphetamine-induced paranoia (MIP) and associations between MIP and a genetic polymorphism in dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH −1021C→T). Design Retrospective analysis of clinical presentation and genetic association by chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Setting A Thai substance abuse treatment center Participants 727 Methamphetamine-dependent (MD) individuals Measures Clinical: Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA) and the Methamphetamine Experience Questionnaire (MEQ). Genetic: DBH −1021C→T. Findings Forty percent of individuals (289 of 727) with MD had MIP. Within-binge latency to MIP onset occurred more rapidly in the most recent compared with initial MIP episode (p=0.02), despite unchanging intake (p=0.89). Individuals with MIP were significantly less likely to carry lower (TT/CT) compared with higher (CC) activity genotypes (34% vs 43%; χ21=5, p=0.03). DBH effects were confirmed (OR=0.7, p=0.04) after controlling for associated clinical variables (MD severity, OR=3.4, p<0.001; antisocial personality disorder, OR=2.2, p<0.001; alcohol dependence, OR=1.4, p=0.05; and nicotine dependence, OR=1.4, p=0.06). TT/CT carriers were more likely to initiate cigarette smoking (OR=3.9, p=0.003) and probably less likely to be dependent on alcohol (OR=0.6, p=0.05). Conclusions Among methamphetamine-dependent individuals, paranoia appears to occur increasingly rapidly in the course of a session of methamphetamine use. Severity of methamphetamine dependence and antisocial personality disorder predicts methamphetamine-induced paranoia. The genetic polymorphism in dopamine β-hydroxylase is associated with methamphetamine-induced paranoia and influences smoking initiation.

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Plasma dopamine-?-hydroxylase in childhood psychosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Autism: Review of neurochemical investigation

Autism: Review of neurochemical investigation

Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity: Clinical applications in child psychiatry

Clinical features of methamphetamine-induced paranoia and preliminary genetic association withDBH-1021C→T in a Thai treatment cohort

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