Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coated CP-Ti: Wear Performance on Reciprocating Mode and Chondrogenic–Osteogenic Differentiation

Baldin, Estela Kerstner; Santos, Pedro Bell; Castro, Victor Velho de; Aguzzoli, César; Maurmann, Natasha; Girón, Juliana; Pranke, Patrícia; Malfatti, Célia de Fraga

doi:10.1007/s40735-021-00627-z

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…After the initial deformation, the increase in wear resistance generated by the surface hardening of the non-modi ed substrate reduced the COF to levels close to 0.6 in approximately 500 s. Between 500 s and 2600 s of testing, the COF started to rise, generated by the third body formation, resulting from the wear of the deformed metallic non-modi ed substrate in the initial phase. According to Baldin et al [51], when the sliding force is greater than the normal force, the COF presents values greater than 1.0. Due to changes in topography inside the wear track and consequent increase in wear resistance, COF stabilized at values close to 1.1 at 3000 s. The wear ball used in the non-modi ed substrate test demonstrated an amount of adhered material, indicating the existence of adhesive wear between the ball and the non-modi ed substrate [52].…”

Section: Tribological Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Then, the wear debris generated by friction will adhere to the wear track, forming a surface transfer lm under the synergetic effect of frictional heat and pressure (Fig. 10), reducing the contact between the counter body and the PEO coating; this may reduce the adhesive friction and bring the friction process into a stable stage [47,[51][52][53][54][55].…”

Section: Tribological Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Tribological and corrosion behavior of PEO coatings on AA 2024-T3 aluminum alloy obtained with optimized electrical parameters under low current densities.

Dorneles,

de Castro,

Junior

et al. 2023

Preprint

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PEO coatings AA 2024-T3 aluminum alloy samples were obtained with low current densities and an optimized relationship between anodic and cathodic charges were used aiming to evaluate the effect on tribological and corrosion resistance behavior and increase energy efficiency. The results show that, according to the increase in time, new phases are formed in the ceramic coating. Furthermore, the good ratio between cathodic and anodic charges suggested in the literature, allow thick coatings to be achieved with high hardness, even with low current densities and short PEO process times. The characterization of the coating by GIXRD analysis evidenced that, with an increase in time, new phases are formed. All the obtained coatings improved wear and corrosion resistance, when compared to the uncoated substrate, and the coating obtained after 10 minutes showed the best performance in wear and corrosion resistance. These optimized electrical parameters allowed optimization of the energy efficiency to obtain the α-Al2O3 phase, which other authors reported as a possible result, only by using a greater amount of energy and longer formation time. This indicates the greater efficiency of the operational parameters used in this study, to obtain a coating with very good wear properties by the PEO process.

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Section: Tribological Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Tribological Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological and corrosion behavior of PEO coatings on AA 2024-T3 aluminum alloy obtained with optimized electrical parameters under low current densities.

Dorneles,

de Castro,

Junior

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The PEO coatings in the samples were obtained as reported in previous works [27,38]. At the end of the voltage ramp, the electrical voltage is applied for 10 min with a duty cycle of 38.5% and a frequency of 300 Hz.…”

Section: Obtaining Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Eli Alloy Processed by Additive Manufacturing

Santos

Castro

Baldin

et al. 2022

Metals

Self Cite

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The additive manufacturing (AM) technique can produce Ti-6Al-4V ELI (extra low interstitial) alloy for personalized biomedical devices. However, the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy presents poor tribological behavior. Regarding this, coatings are a feasible approach to improve the wear resistance of this alloy. In the literature, the tribological behavior of TiO2 coatings incorporated with Ca and P formed by one-step plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) on Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy processed by AM has not been investigated. Thus, in the present work, it was studied the influence of Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy processed by AM on the wear resistance and morphologic of the coating obtained by PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation). In this way, three different voltages (200, 250, and 300 V) were employed for the PEO process and the voltage effect on the properties of the coatings. The coatings were characterized by contact profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, the sessile drop method, grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction, and wear tests, on a ball-on-plate tribometer. The increase in applied voltage promoted an increase in roughness, pore area, and a decrease in the pore population of the coatings. In addition, the coatings, mainly composed of anatase and rutile, showed good adhesion to the metallic substrate, and the presence of bioactive elements Ca and P were detected. The thickness of the coatings obtained by PEO increases drastically for voltages higher than 250 V (from 4.50 ± 0.33 to 23.83 ± 1.5 µm). However, coatings obtained with lower voltages presented thin and dense layers, which promoted a superior wear resistance (increase in wear rate from 1.99 × 10−6 to 2.60 × 10−5 mm3/s). Finally, compared to the uncoated substrate, the PEO coatings increased the wear resistance of the titanium alloy obtained by AM, also showing a superior wear resistance compared to the commercial Ti-6Al-4V alloy previously evaluated, being such a positive and promising behavior for application in the area of metallic implants.

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“…The antibacterial surface qualities of the material play the most essential role in making titanium alloys more suitable for biomedical applications and enhancing their surface properties [2]. Commercially pure titanium (Cp-Ti) is widely used in medical and surgical applications, including bio-implantable bone replacements, owing to its excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties [3][4][5]. It is frequently employed in dental implants due to its desirable biological characteristics, low Young's modulus, and adequate strength [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface properties of micro surface patterned Cp-Ti alloy via electrical discharge machining

BALTA

2023

J Adv Manuf Eng

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The process of machining micro surface patterns on a workpiece to improve various performance aspects of engineering materials, including wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, has been a hot topic of research in recent years. Due to the restricted machinability of titanium and its alloys, it is very challenging to process micro surface patterns with exact surface geometries using traditional machining methods. Consequently, non-traditional processing techniques, such as laser, electro-erosion, and chemical etching, may overcome these obstacles. In the present study, electrical discharge machining (EDM) is used to form micro surface patterns on Cp-Ti alloy samples. First, graphite electrodes with several channels were manufactured, and then square-shaped surface patterns were processed onto Cp-Ti samples using EDM. To evaluate the machining performance of the process and surface features of the obtained micro surface patterns, the surface morphology and topography of the processed samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and three-dimensional (3D) optical profilometry, respectively. The average widths of the square-shaped surface patterns along the X and Y axes were 663.7±8 µm and 609.5±4 µm, respectively. For micro surface designs with square geometry, dimensional consistency was obtained with exceedingly small amounts of variation. However, a limited number of microcracks were observed due to rapid cooling during the processing of the surface patterns. The 3D surface topographies revealed that square-shaped micro surface patterns were successfully processed on the samples, indicating that micro surface patterns can be processed on Cp-Ti samples by using the proposed methodology, which has the potential for obtaining tailor-designed surface features, particularly for biomedical and tribological applications.

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Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coated CP-Ti: Wear Performance on Reciprocating Mode and Chondrogenic–Osteogenic Differentiation

Cited by 9 publications

References 64 publications

Tribological and corrosion behavior of PEO coatings on AA 2024-T3 aluminum alloy obtained with optimized electrical parameters under low current densities.

Tribological and corrosion behavior of PEO coatings on AA 2024-T3 aluminum alloy obtained with optimized electrical parameters under low current densities.

Wear Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Eli Alloy Processed by Additive Manufacturing

Surface properties of micro surface patterned Cp-Ti alloy via electrical discharge machining

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