Plasma-enhanced NOx remediation using nanosecond pulsed discharges in a water aerosol matrix

Schroeder, Christi; Schroeder, William; Yang, Sisi; Nystrom, Alec; Cai, Zhi; Subramanian, Sriram; Li, Shujin; Gundersen, M.A.; Cronin, Stephen B.

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2020.106521

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The morphology and distribution of the active components of catalysts prepared by different methods are different, resulting in of the catalytic effect. [24][25][26] At present, denitration catalysts is mainly supported on fly ash carriers by impregnation and precipitation methods. [27] The impregnation method is to immerse a carrier with high porosity (such as diatomaceous earth, alumina, activated carbon, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The preparation method of the catalyst is very important for the subsequent catalytic effect. The morphology and distribution of the active components of catalysts prepared by different methods are different, resulting in of the catalytic effect [24–26] . At present, denitration catalysts is mainly supported on fly ash carriers by impregnation and precipitation methods [27] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shear Stress on the Structure Control of a Supported Fly Ash‐Based Catalyst and Its Application in SCR* Denitration

2021

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Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are one of the air pollutants, mainly from coal‐fired power plants, industrial furnaces, etc. In order to control NOx, reduce the preparation cost of denitration catalyst. Selective catalytic reduction is currently the most effective and mature technology for removing NOx. In this paper, solid waste fly ash was used as catalyst carrier, shear reactor was used to prepare Mn−Ce/FA catalyst, and successfully applied to SCR denitration. The catalyst was characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, XPS. The results showed that the catalyst prepared by shearing had more dispersed active components. When the power was 80 W, time was 20 min, rotation speed was 120 r/min, and the molar ratio of Mn−Ce was 1 : 1, the optimal catalyst was prepared. Under these conditions, the catalyst had the best activity and strong stability, the denitration performance was the best, up to 82.6 % within 30 min. The introduction of SO2 still showed high catalytic activity and stability, and the removal rate reduced to 73.21 %. After SO2 was stopped, the removal rate rebounded to 77.89 %. Also, Mn−Ce/FA catalyst had good cyclability and stability in the denitration process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear Stress on the Structure Control of a Supported Fly Ash‐Based Catalyst and Its Application in SCR* Denitration

2021

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“…It is urgent to nd a catalyst with low temperature activity, weak catalyst toxicity and sulfur resistance to replace the commercial vanadium titanium catalyst. The Mn-based catalyst has a wide distribution of valence states of active components, and manganese between different valence states can be converted to each other to produce redox, which can make NH 3 selectively reduce NO and promote the SCR reaction (Abazari et al, 2021;Schroeder et al, 2020). However, SO 2 in the ue gas will also poison the Mn-based catalyst and has not been applied in industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of N (N=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce) Loaded on Blast Furnace Slag in Low-temperature NH3-SCR

Zhang¹,

Sheng²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Using low-value solid waste blast furnace slag as a catalyst carrier, the active component N (N = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Ce) was loaded by impregnation method to study its effect on the denitration and sulfur resistance of the Mn-based blast furnace slag catalyst. BET, XRD, XPS, SEM and FT-IR characterization methods were used to analyze the denitration mechanism. The results show that: (1) Mn-Ce/GGBS catalyst has better denitration and sulfur resistance; (2) Mn-Ce/GGBS catalyst has a significant denitration effect when load ratio is 2:1; (3) The catalyst can reduce the poisoning and deactivation of S and prolong the catalyst service life; (4) MnO, MnO2, Mn2O3, CeO2 and Ce2O3 play an important role; (5) The larger the ratio of Mn4+/Mn3+, Ce4+/Ce3+, Oα/Oβ, the stronger the catalyst activity and the better denitration effect, and the introduction of SO2 will increase the acid sites on the catalyst surface and increase the catalyst activity.

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“…However, the still low availability of O or OH radicals limits the total conversion to NO 3 (or HNO 3 ). The presence of water facilitates the formation of OH radicals, 19 enhancing the NO removal by 2.5× and the NO x removal by 25×, thus improving the HNO 3 (and hence NO 3 ) production as observed by the in situ SERS spectra. Additionally, the second step minimizes the backreaction of NO 2 to NO.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…1 However, the detailed reaction mechanism with the plasma-based process is complex and not fully understood. 19 Since its discovery, more than four decades ago, surfaceenhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has shown significant promise for sensing individual molecules adsorbed onto metal nanostructures or substrates with nanoscale roughness. 20−24 SERS is a highly sensitive vibrational spectroscopic technique that allows the detection of low concentrations of molecules through the amplification of electromagnetic fields generated by the excitation of surface plasmons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Monitoring Reaction Intermediates in Plasma-Driven SO₂, NO, and NO₂ Remediation Chemistry Using In Situ SERS Spectroscopy

Zhao

Aguirre

et al. 2021

Anal. Chem.

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In situ surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy is used to identify the key reaction intermediates during the plasma-based removal of NO and SO 2 under dry and wet conditions on Ag nanoparticles. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to confirm the experimental observations by calculating the vibrational modes of the surface-bound intermediate species. Here, we provide spectroscopic evidence that the wet plasma increases the SO 2 and the NO x removal through the formation of highly reactive OH radicals, driving the reactions to H 2 SO 4 and HNO 3 , respectively. We observed the formation of SO 3 and SO 4 species in the SO 2 wet-plasma-driven remediation, while in the dry plasma, we only identified SO 3 adsorbed on the Ag surface. During the removal of NO in the dry and wet plasma, both NO 2 and NO 3 species were observed on the Ag surface; however, the concentration of NO 3 species was enhanced under wet-plasma conditions. By closing the loop between the experimental and DFT-calculated spectra, we identified not only the adsorbed species associated with each peak in the SERS spectra but also their orientation and adsorption site, providing a detailed atomistic picture of the chemical reaction pathway and surface interaction chemistry.

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Plasma-enhanced NOx remediation using nanosecond pulsed discharges in a water aerosol matrix

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Shear Stress on the Structure Control of a Supported Fly Ash‐Based Catalyst and Its Application in SCR* Denitration

Shear Stress on the Structure Control of a Supported Fly Ash‐Based Catalyst and Its Application in SCR* Denitration

Effect of N (N=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce) Loaded on Blast Furnace Slag in Low-temperature NH3-SCR

Monitoring Reaction Intermediates in Plasma-Driven SO₂, NO, and NO₂ Remediation Chemistry Using In Situ SERS Spectroscopy

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Plasma-enhanced NOx remediation using nanosecond pulsed discharges in a water aerosol matrix

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Shear Stress on the Structure Control of a Supported Fly Ash‐Based Catalyst and Its Application in SCR* Denitration

Shear Stress on the Structure Control of a Supported Fly Ash‐Based Catalyst and Its Application in SCR* Denitration

Effect of N (N=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce) Loaded on Blast Furnace Slag in Low-temperature NH3-SCR

Monitoring Reaction Intermediates in Plasma-Driven SO2, NO, and NO2 Remediation Chemistry Using In Situ SERS Spectroscopy

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Monitoring Reaction Intermediates in Plasma-Driven SO₂, NO, and NO₂ Remediation Chemistry Using In Situ SERS Spectroscopy