Plasma-enhanced synthesis of carbon nanocone arrays by magnetic and electric fields coupling HFCVD

Li, Jiaxin; Wang, Yijia; Wei, Qiuping; Xie, Youneng; Long, Hangyu; Deng, Zejun; Ma, Li; Yu, Zhaoju; Jiang, Yongfeng; Hu, Naixiu; Zhou, Kechao

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.06.008

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In addition to microwave plasma, other methods such as gravity, [ 66 ] electron beam, [ 65 ] bias, [ 18 ] and magnetic field/ electric field coupling [ 67 ] have been used to assist CVD to synthesize CNCs or CNC‐containing composite structures.…”

Section: Synthesis Methods and Possible Formation Mechanisms Of Conicmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis of Conical Carbon

et al. 2021

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Conical carbon, specifically multi‐walled carbon nanocones (CNCs) and single‐walled carboncones, is a new class of sp2‐hybridized carbon allotrope, in addition to fullerene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene. Characterized by a conical and delocalized aromatic configuration, the conical carbon structure is considered the intermediate structure between planar graphene and open‐cage fullerene. CNCs can be stiffer than CNTs and exhibit intriguing physical and chemical properties owing to their unique hollow conical structure, which make these materials promising for application as field emission sources and scanning probes. The research on conical carbon structures is in its nascent stage, mainly because of the limitations in the synthesis and purification of conical carbons. This review summarizes the significant progress in the synthesis of CNCs and carboncones. Particularly, the synthetic methods, which can be divided into traditional physical‐chemical synthesis methods for multi‐walled CNCs and emerging bottom‐up organic synthesis methods for single‐walled carboncones, are comprehensively discussed. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the various synthetic methods as well as the possible formation and growth mechanisms of CNCs and carboncones are discussed. Finally, some outlooks on the potential solutions to the synthesis of single‐walled carboncones with uniform apex angles are presented.

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Section: Synthesis Methods and Possible Formation Mechanisms Of Conicmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis of Conical Carbon

et al. 2021

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“…Li et al developed a magnetic and electric field-coupled HFCVD (ME-HFCVD), which controls the plasma by changing the strength of the electric and magnetic fields, and obtained diamond nanocones with a height of 400-600 nm and a width of 30-60 nm. The turn-on field is approximately 5.65 V µm −1 , and the FE current density is 0.11 mA cm −2 at 9 V µm −1 [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…On the other hand, higher array density and smaller tips can be obtained using nanoparticles as masks and even no masks. At present, micro-nano tip arrays have been realized by RIE on various diamond substrates, including single crystal [11][12][13], polycrystalline [14][15][16][17][18], nanocrystalline (NCD) [19][20][21][22] and ultra-nanocrystalline (UNCD) [19,23], with a tip diameter of 24 nm-1.5 µm and an aspect ratio of less than 10. The N-UNCD needle array exhibits a low turn-on field of 2.6 V µm −1 and a current density of 2.38 mA cm −2 under an external electric field of 5.8 V µm −1 [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High performance field emission cathode based on the diamond nanowires prepared by nanocrystalline diamond films annealed in air

Wang,

Lin,

Zhang

2024

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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This paper reports the field emission (FE) characteristics of a diamond nanowires (DNWs) array. The nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) film was deposited on silicon by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposited (MPCVD) and then annealed in air forming DNWs and hydrogenated at last. A high-field flat-plate emission test structure with a 1.03 μm gap between anode and cathode was prepared and the electrical properties proved it feasible. The FE performance of DNWs array was measured in a vacuum test system and that of NCDs film either as a comparison. Finally, their FE parameters were analyzed and extracted based on the Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) theory. The results show that transforming NCDs film into DNWs array can improve the FE characteristics greatly. The turn-on field is as low as 1.36 V/μm dropping by one order of magnitude, while the field enhancement factor and FE current density are up to 156.68 and 484.75 mA/cm2 respectively rising both by two orders of magnitude. This excellent FE performance stems from the characteristics of large aspect ratio, very small tip radius and high density of DNWs.

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“…These nanocrystalline diamond films exhibited excellent field emission properties, with a turn-on voltage of 2.9 V and a current density of 32.7 µA/cm 2 (at 6.5 V/µm). Furthermore, an electric field can be coupled with a magnetic field-assisted HFCVD to synthesize unique carbon nanocone arrays [13] and caterpillar-like structural carbon films [14,15]. Both of these carbon materials exhibited excellent field emission properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CVD Diamond Growth Enhanced by a Dynamic Magnetic Field

et al. 2023

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A dynamic magnetic field (DMF) with different angular frequencies (50, 100, and 150 π rad/s) was introduced during diamond growth via hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). The effects of the dynamic magnetic field on the growth rate, diamond quality, growth orientation, and deposition uniformity of large-area diamond films were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The correlation between diamond growth and angular frequency was discussed. The results showed that a faster growth rate (about 2.5 times) and higher diamond quality were obtained by increasing the angular frequency of the DMF. A (100) textured polycrystalline diamond film was achieved, and the preferential orientation was found to evolve from (110) to (100), while the expected uniform deposition of a large-area diamond film under DMF was not achieved. The enhancement effect of the DMF was ascribed to the activation of more gas molecules, which participated in CVD diamond growth.

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Plasma-enhanced synthesis of carbon nanocone arrays by magnetic and electric fields coupling HFCVD

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

The Synthesis of Conical Carbon

The Synthesis of Conical Carbon

High performance field emission cathode based on the diamond nanowires prepared by nanocrystalline diamond films annealed in air

CVD Diamond Growth Enhanced by a Dynamic Magnetic Field

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