“…7 The low degree of surface roughening is also key to fabricating microelectromechanical systems, where the stringent tolerance and topological precision are of most importance. [8][9][10] Extensive studies have been made to understand the mechanisms responsible for the formation and evolution of surface roughness during plasma etching of blank (or planar) Si substrates. 1,3,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The mechanisms include the noise (or stochastic roughening), 1,[14][15][16][17]21 geometrical shadowing, 14,23 surface reemission of etchants, [15][16][17]19 micromasking by etch inhibitors, 3,20 and ion scattering/channeling.…”