Plasma fatty acid composition, estimated desaturase activities, and their relation with the metabolic syndrome in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease

Mayneris‐Perxachs, Jordi; Guerendiain, Marcela; Castellote, Ana I.; Estruch, Ramón; Covas, María Isabel; Fitó, Montserrat; Salas‐Salvadó, Jordi; Martínez‐González, Miguel A.; Arós, Fernando; Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa M.; López-Sabater, M. Carmen

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2013.03.001

Cited by 137 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…When assessing the evolution of MS, we have seen that patients, who became free of MS at follow-up, had lower baseline caloric intake with particularly lower consumption of SFA than subjects without MS resolution. This is in line with studies showing the involvement of dietary SFA in the development of cardiovascular diseases and supporting the current dietary recommendations to reduce the intake of SFA [8,37]. However, data showing relation between SFA intake and MS are scarce and surprisingly controversial, with some reports showing no effect of dietary SFA on chronic diseases [39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Effects of a Weight Loss Program on Metabolic Syndrome, Eating Disorders and Psychological Outcomes: Mediation by Endocannabinoids

Pataky

Carrard²,

Thomas³

et al. 2018

Obes Facts

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Objective: To evaluate the effects of weight loss on endocannabinoids, cardiometabolic and psychological parameters, eating disorders (ED) as well as quality of life (QoL) and to elucidate the role of endocannabinoids in metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods: In total, 114 patients with obesity were prospectively included in a 12-month weight loss program. Plasma endocannabinoids were measured by mass spectrometry; ED, psychological and QoL-related parameters were evaluated by self-reported questionnaires; physical activity was measured by accelerometer. Nutritional assessment was done by a 3-day food diary. Results: Among completers (n = 87), body weight decreased in 35 patients (-9.1 ± 8.6 kg), remained stable in 39 patients, and increased in 13 patients (+5.8 ± 3.4 kg). 75% of patients with MS at baseline were free of MS at follow-up, and their baseline plasma N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) values were significantly lower when compared to patients with persisting MS. At baseline, there was a positive relationship between PEA and waist circumference (p = 0.005, R² = 0.08), fasting glucose (p < 0.0001, R² = 0.12), total cholesterol (p = 0.001, R² = 0.11), triglycerides (p = 0.001, R² = 0.11), LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.03, R² = 0.05) as well as depression score (p = 0.002, R² = 0.29). Conclusion: Plasma PEA might play a role in metabolic improvement after weight loss. Even in subjects without weight loss, a multidisciplinary intervention improves psychological outcomes, ED, and QoL.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Effects of a Weight Loss Program on Metabolic Syndrome, Eating Disorders and Psychological Outcomes: Mediation by Endocannabinoids

Pataky

Carrard²,

Thomas³

et al. 2018

Obes Facts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A large prospective case controlled study found that dietary LA (and not plasma phospholipid LA) correlated with the risk of T2DM development over a 4 year period [57], possibly providing more evidence for increased ∆-6 desaturase activity (due to polymorphisms of the FADS2 gene) in particular individuals as the association was not significant after adjusting for weight. Supporting this, prospective cohort studies have found ∆-6 desaturase activity a predictor of metabolic syndrome [58,59] and diabetes [60,61].…”

Section: Linoleic Acid's Obesogenic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Linoleic acid and the pathogenesis of obesity

Naughton

Mathai

Hryciw

et al. 2016

Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators

120

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“…Plasma (% total FA) PM +ly associated with risk of NAFLD [54] 100 Subjects with increased risk of type-2 diabetes Plasma (% total FA) PM + ly associated with insulin sensitivity [59] Men and women (n = 1926), mean age 58 years AT biopsy (% total FA) PM +ly associated with obesity [58] Men and women (n = 437), aged 21-67 Serum cholesteryl esters (ng mL −1 ) P M+ly associated with C-peptide Serum phospholipid (% total FA) PM: No association with C-peptide [57] Men and women (n = 3107) aged 50-70y from Nutrition and Health of Aging Population in China RBC (% total FA) PM +ly associated with MetS [29] Physicians' health study: 1000 incident CHD events and 1000 matched controls RBC membrane (% total FA) PM +ly associated with CHD risk [66] Physicians' Health Study: 788 pairs Plasma phospholipid (% total FA) PM +ly associated with heart failure risk [55] Men and women (n = 1176), aged 50-70 from Nutrition and Health of Aging Population in China RBC (% total FA) PM +ly associated with diabetes [61] Men and women (n = 452), obese healthy versus obese with type-2 diabetes NEFA (mcg mL −1 ) PM higher in obese with type-2 diabetes [23] Korean boys (n = 131), mean age 10.5 years Plasma phospholipid (% total FA) PM higher in obese individuals [62] Men and women from PREDIMED study (n = 427), aged 55-80…”

Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Is Palmitoleic Acid a Plausible Nonpharmacological Strategy to Prevent or Control Chronic Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders?

Souza

Vannice²,

Neto

et al. 2017

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Although dietary fatty acids can modulate metabolic and immune responses, the effects of palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) remain unclear. Since this monounsaturated fatty acid is described as a lipokine, studies with cell culture and rodent models have suggested it enhances whole body insulin sensitivity, stimulates insulin secretion by β cells, increases hepatic fatty acid oxidation, improves the blood lipid profile, and alters macrophage differentiation. However, human studies report elevated blood levels of palmitoleic acid in people with obesity and metabolic syndrome. These findings might be reflection of the level or activity of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, which synthesizes palmitoleate and is enhanced in liver and adipose tissue of obese patients. The aim of this review is to describe the immune-metabolic effects of palmitoleic acid observed in cell culture, animal models, and humans to answer the question of whether palmitoleic acid is a plausible nonpharmacological strategy to prevent, control, or ameliorate chronic metabolic and inflammatory disorders. Despite the beneficial effects observed in cell culture and in animal studies, there are insufficient human intervention studies to fully understand the physiological effects of palmitoleic acid. Therefore, more human-based research is needed to identify whether palmitoleic acid meets the promising therapeutic potential suggested by the preclinical research.

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Plasma fatty acid composition, estimated desaturase activities, and their relation with the metabolic syndrome in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease

Cited by 137 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of a Weight Loss Program on Metabolic Syndrome, Eating Disorders and Psychological Outcomes: Mediation by Endocannabinoids

Effects of a Weight Loss Program on Metabolic Syndrome, Eating Disorders and Psychological Outcomes: Mediation by Endocannabinoids

Linoleic acid and the pathogenesis of obesity

Is Palmitoleic Acid a Plausible Nonpharmacological Strategy to Prevent or Control Chronic Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders?

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