Plasma Interleukin-1, Tumour Necrosis Factor and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Responses During Migraine Attacks

Hilten, J.J. van; Ferrari, Michel D.; Meer, J.W.M. van der; Gijsman, Harm J.; Looij, B. J.

doi:10.1046/j.1468-2982.1991.1102065.x

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…While some studies found no difference in TNF-α serum levels [3, 4], others described increased levels of TNF-α during migraine attack [5]. Regarding that TNF-α is an unstable molecule with a reduced half-life, several authors assess its soluble receptors as an index of TNF-α activity [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased serum levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor during migraine attacks: a pilot study

et al. 2010

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There is a growing body of evidence implicating inflammatory cytokines and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) in the generation of migraine pain. No previous study evaluated BNDF levels during migraine attacks and there are conflicting results regarding tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) serum levels. This study compared serum levels of TNF-alpha, soluble TNF receptors 1 and 2 (sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2), and BDNF during migraine attacks and in headache-free periods. Nine patients with episodic migraine were clinically evaluated during a migraine attack and in a headache-free period. Blood sample of each patient in both occasions was collected and all serum was submitted to TNF-alpha, sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2, and BDNF determination by ELISA. There was no significant difference in the serum levels of TNF-alpha, sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2 in migraine attack period and headache-free period. BDNF serum levels were significantly higher during migraine attack than in pain-free period. This is the first report showing that BDNF serum levels increase during migraine attack. This reinforces the view that BDNF may be implicated in the physiopathology of migraine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased serum levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor during migraine attacks: a pilot study

et al. 2010

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“…Thus, cytokine expression patterns have been used to distinguish normal and altered cell functions in a variety of clinical conditions. In the past, conflicting results have been reported regarding the peripheral cytokine secretion pattern in migraine [14][15][16], suggesting that different routes are involved in the generation of migraine pain. In the present study, we investigated the NOS-2/COX-2 network and its possible influence on Th1/Th2 balance and cytokine production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of NOS–2, COX–2 and Th1/Th2 cytokines in migraine

et al. 2001

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Nitric oxide (NO) probably plays an important role in the pathogenesis of migraine without aura (MWA). As the activation of NO-ergic cascade has been shown to be closely linked to cyclooxygenase pathway and to cause some differences in peripheral blood lymphocyte populations, we investigated if the Th1/Th2 balance in peripheral blood of MWA patients was affected in comparison to controls. Twenty-six MWA patients and 10 healthy controls (C) were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were taken at baseline (T0) and during an induced migraine attack (T1). Total RNA from human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) was isolated and reverse-transcribed to prepare complementary DNA. COX-2, NOS-2 and β-actin were amplified using PCR. PBLs from patients and controls were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus ionomycin in the presence of brefeldin A. Cells were surfacestained with fluorochrome-conjugated anti-CD3 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and intracellularly stained with fluorochrome-conjugated anti-IFN-γ or anti-IL-4 mAbs. The level of cytokine expression was analyzed by gating on the CD4 + lymphocyte subset. Th1 and Th2 type cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4) were directly assayed in serum by ELISA. Preliminary results indicate that NOS-2 was upregulated in MWA patients at basal time if compared to controls, whereas after NOD administration NOS-2 was significantly decreased. COX-2 was upregulated in MWA patients at basal time and it had an opposite trend after NOD administration. The homeostatic Th1/Th2 balance defined by the IFN-γ or IL-4 cytokine expression was unchanged in MWA patients in comparison to controls, and NOD administration did not affect that pattern. The cell activation machinery was not altered after mitogenic activation, as shown by CD69 expression level. Cytokine serum levels showed no significant changes in all studied situations. This study confirms the relevance of the NOS/COX system in MWA but, in contrast with previous studies, excludes their effect and activation on peripheral cytokine production. More sophisticated experimental models are needed to investigate the ability of NOS/COX to activate migraine pain.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Conflicting findings are also available regarding adhesion molecules in migraineurs. One such study showed a marked decrease in expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and soluble (s)ICAM-1, and reduced levels of IL-4 in serum during spontaneous and nitric oxide (NO)-induced migraine attacks.…”

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confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory Cytokines, Adhesion Molecules, and Lymphocyte Integrin Expression in the Internal Jugular Blood of Migraine Patients Without Aura Assessed Ictally

Sarchielli¹,

Alberti²,

Baldi³

et al. 2006

Headache

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The transient increase in sICAM-1 and TNF-alpha found in the internal jugular blood of MWoA patients assessed ictally can be induced by sensory neuropeptides released from activated trigeminal endings. The progressive decrease in sICAM-1 levels during attacks and the down-regulation of LFA-1 expression by lymphocytes could antagonize their transvascular migration, supporting the hypothesis of sterile inflammation in the dura mater during migraine attacks.

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Plasma Interleukin-1, Tumour Necrosis Factor and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Responses During Migraine Attacks

Cited by 39 publications

References 16 publications

Increased serum levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor during migraine attacks: a pilot study

Increased serum levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor during migraine attacks: a pilot study

Expression of NOS–2, COX–2 and Th1/Th2 cytokines in migraine

Proinflammatory Cytokines, Adhesion Molecules, and Lymphocyte Integrin Expression in the Internal Jugular Blood of Migraine Patients Without Aura Assessed Ictally

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