Plasma lactate accumulation is reduced during incremental exercise in untrained women compared with untrained men

Sargent, Charli; Scroop, G. C.

doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0477-9

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Analysis of mechanical work, energy expenditure, and efficiency also suggest the tendency to be more efficient with their resources especially during vigorous exercise which allowed females to accommodate the increase in cardiopulmonary demand. Additionally, lactate accumulation tended to be lower in females at the end of vigorous exercise following the rightward displacement of lactate accumulation in response to maximal exercise in women which has been demonstrated previously and suggested to provide a potential offset for their lower VO 2 and greater cardiac demand by allowing for increased capacity to accomplish the work (Sargent and Scroop 2007). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Sex differences in cardiovascular function during submaximal exercise in humans

et al. 2014

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Differences in cardiovascular function between sexes have been documented at rest and maximal exercise. The purpose of this study was to examine the sex differences in cardiovascular function during submaximal constant-load exercise, which is not well understood.Thirty-one male and 33 female subjects completed nine minutes moderate and nine minutes vigorous intensity submaximal exercise (40 and 75% of peak watts determined by maximal exercise test). Measurements included: intra-arterial blood pressure (SBP and DBP), cardiac index (QI), heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2) and arterial catecholamines (epinephrine = EPI and norepinephrine = NE), and blood gases. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), stroke volume index (SVI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), arterial oxygen content (CaO2), arterial to venous O2 difference (AVO2) and systemic oxygen transport (SOT) were calculated.At rest and during submaximal exercise QI, SVI, SBP, MAP, NE, CaO2, and SOT were lower in females compared to males. VO2, AVO2, EPI were lower in females throughout exercise. When corrected for wattage, females had a higher Q, HR, SV, VO2 and AVO2 despite lower energy expenditure and higher mechanical efficiency.This study demonstrates sex differences in the cardiovascular response to constant-load submaximal exercise. Specifically, females presented limitations in cardiac performance in which they are unable to compensate for reductions in stroke volume through increases in HR, potentially a consequence of a female’s blunted sympathetic response and higher vasodilatory state. Females demonstrated greater cardiac work needed to meet the same external work demand, and relied on increased peripheral oxygen extraction, lower energy expenditure and improvements in mechanical efficiency as compensatory mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Sex differences in cardiovascular function during submaximal exercise in humans

et al. 2014

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“…Compared to men of comparable body weight, women have a smaller muscle mass and greater adipose tissue. When working at the same relative submaximal intensity, respiratory exchange ratios are lower in women compared to men [17,33], indicating greater reliance on lipid oxida-tion [13,39]. Increased use of lipids as an energy source is consistent with the lower plasma lactate reported in women during submaximal exercise [17] and reduced glycolytic enzyme activity [19,22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Compared to 4 and 6 min stages, Foxdal et al [21] found that 8 min stages were least likely to over-or underestimate LT. Thus, different test protocols are typically used to measure two parameters of endurance performance, V O 2max and LT. Additionally, gender differences have been reported for lactate threshold [43] and blood lactate responses during moderate and high intensity exercise [17,25,33]. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether metabolic and HR data obtained during a noninvasive, maximal GXT could be used to accurately predict the heart rate associated with the LT (HR LT ) in male and female cyclists.…”

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confidence: 99%

Predicting Lactate Threshold Using Ventilatory Threshold

Plato

McNulty²,

Crunk³

et al. 2008

Int J Sports Med

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Lactate threshold is an important reference point when setting training intensities for endurance athletes. Ventilatory threshold has been used as a noninvasive estimate of lactate threshold, but appears to underestimate training intensity for many athletes. This study evaluated whether data obtained during a noninvasive, maximal exercise test could be used to predict lactate threshold. Maximal oxygen consumption (55+/-2 ml O(2) x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and heart rate at the ventilatory threshold (V-slope method) were determined for 19 cyclists (10 men, 9 women, 35+/-2 years). Cyclists also performed a lactate threshold test, consisting of 8 min stages at power outputs below, at, and above the ventilatory threshold. Heart rate associated with the lactate threshold was determined using the Dmax method. The correlation coefficient between heart rates at the ventilatory and lactate thresholds was 0.67, indicating 45% shared variance. The best fitting model to predict heart rate at the lactate threshold included heart rate at the ventilatory threshold, gender, body weight, and an interaction between gender and body weight. Using this model, R(2) was 0.70. Thus, heart rate at the ventilatory threshold may be adjusted to more accurately predict a heart rate that corresponds to the lactate threshold for recreational cyclists.

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“…Moreover Sargent et al [23] noted that in untrained men lactate concentration reached higher values then in untrained women after cessation of incremental exercise test. It seems that in the present study the higher blood lactate in male than in female wrestlers resulted from higher intensity at the end of exercise test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Aerobic fitness of elite female and male wrestlers

Hϋbner-Woźniak¹,

Kosmol²,

Gajewski³

2009

Biol Sport

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Abstract. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the aerobic fitness of elite female wrestlers, and to determine whether there are gender differences in the physiological response to graded exercise. Materials and Methods: Ten female and ten male freestyle wrestlers volunteered for the study. They all performed a graded exercise test on the treadmill until exhaustion. To measure lactate concentration capillary blood was taken from the finger tip at the end of every workload and after 3, 5 and 7 minutes of recovery. Anaerobic threshold was defined as the running velocity associated with 4 mmol/l during the incremental exercise test (AT 4 ) and as the individual anaerobic threshold (IAT). Results: Maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2 max) normalized to body mass or to fat free mass was significantly higher in male than in female wrestlers (59.8 and 49.7 ml/min/kg and 72.7 and 63.9 ml/min/kg FFA, respectively). Total oxygen uptake at the anaerobic thresholds (AT 4 and IAT) was similar in men and women, but when expressed as %VO 2 max, it was significantly higher in females. The peak blood lactate concentration was significantly higher in male than in female wrestlers (14.1 and 10.5 mmol/l, respectively). Conclusion: This study was the first to assess the aerobic fitness of female wrestlers. It demonstrated that there are significant gender related differences between female and male wrestlers. Possibly the lower VO 2 max in the female wrestlers was compensated by their higher oxygen utilization at the anaerobic threshold. This result indicates that AT 4 method is sufficiently reliable for measuring anaerobic threshold for female and male wrestlers.(Biol.Sport 26:339-348, 2009)

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Plasma lactate accumulation is reduced during incremental exercise in untrained women compared with untrained men

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Sex differences in cardiovascular function during submaximal exercise in humans

Sex differences in cardiovascular function during submaximal exercise in humans

Predicting Lactate Threshold Using Ventilatory Threshold

Aerobic fitness of elite female and male wrestlers

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