Plasma Levels of Antioxidants Are Not Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease or Cognitive Decline

Engelhart, Marianne J.; Ruitenberg, Annemieke; Meijer, John; Kiliaan, Amanda J.; Swieten, John van; Hofman, Albert; Witteman, Jacqueline C. M.; Breteler, Monique M.B.

doi:10.1159/000082884

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Likewise, some longitudinal studies revealed that lower erythrocyte EPA and DHA levels were associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline [15,16]. However, this association could not be confirmed by other studies [17,18,19]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with a Low Omega-3 Index in the Elderly: Results from the KORA-Age Study

Lukaschek

Schacky

Kruse

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may affect the risk of cognitive decline in older adults. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 720 (50.4% women) participants aged 68-92 years (mean age: 77.6, SD ±6.2) of the population-based KORA-Age study. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (omega-3 index) were measured in erythrocytes as a percentage of total fatty acids. The categories low (<5.7), intermediate (5.7-6.8), and high (>6.8) levels of the omega-3 index were built using tertiles. The association between cognitive status and omega-3 levels was assessed by logistic regression analyses with adjustments for important concurrent risk factors of cognitive decline. Results: In the sex- and age-adjusted model (model 1), subjects with a low omega-3 index were at a significantly higher risk for cognitive impairment (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.15-2.73, p = 0.009). This association remained stable after further adjusting for educational level (model 2; OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.13-2.71, p = 0.01) and metabolic risk factors (model 3; OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.14-2.75, p = 0.01). After further controlling for affective disorders (model 4), the association did not attenuate (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.14-2.76, p = 0.01). Conclusion: A robust association was found between low omega-3 levels and cognitive impairment in an elderly population. Further research is needed to understand the link between omega-3 PUFA and cognitive functioning.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with a Low Omega-3 Index in the Elderly: Results from the KORA-Age Study

Lukaschek

Schacky

Kruse

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, animal models have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with antioxidant vitamins can decrease oxidative stress and either prevent or reverse the age-related changes in cognitive functions (198,314,352,451). Clinical trials, however, have produced conflicting results concerning the therapeutic efficacy of antioxidant supplementation during AD (121,122,258). Similar to the conflicting results of antioxidant therapy during physiological aging, this discrepancy may be due to multiple factors such as reduced bioavailability and=or poor specificity of these treatment regimens.…”

Section: B Ros In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They performed a cross-sectional study within another AD study and found that if a univariate model was used, high plasma vitamin A and E could be correlated to lower cognitive decline. However, when adjustments were made with respect to age, gender, and total cholesterol, the correlation weakened, and it was concluded that there was no association between plasma levels of vitamin A and E and cognitive decline (122). The same question was examined in a cohort of elderly woman and no correlation between plasma carotenoids and tocopherols and cognitive deficits was observed (206).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen Species in the Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity and Memory

Massaad

Klann

2011

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

496

350

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The brain is a metabolically active organ exhibiting high oxygen consumption and robust production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The large amounts of ROS are kept in check by an elaborate network of antioxidants, which sometimes fail and lead to neuronal oxidative stress. Thus, ROS are typically categorized as neurotoxic molecules and typically exert their detrimental effects via oxidation of essential macromolecules such as enzymes and cytoskeletal proteins. Most importantly, excessive ROS are associated with decreased performance in cognitive function. However, at physiological concentrations, ROS are involved in functional changes necessary for synaptic plasticity and hence, for normal cognitive function. The fine line of role reversal of ROS from good molecules to bad molecules is far from being fully understood. This review focuses on identifying the multiple sources of ROS in the mammalian nervous system and on presenting evidence for the critical and essential role of ROS in synaptic plasticity and memory. The review also shows that the inability to restrain either age-or pathology-related increases in ROS levels leads to opposite, detrimental effects that are involved in impairments in synaptic plasticity and memory function.

show abstract

“…Interestingly, three other studies also found low vitamin E levels were associated with an increased risk of AD and VaD, but the association disappeared after controlling for cholesterol levels [153,157,163] . In contrast, three case-control studies did not fi nd associations between vitamin E and dementia [150,164] or AD [152,165] . Only one nested case-control study within a prospective cohort has been conducted [166] .…”

Section: Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematologic Risk Factors of Vascular Disease and Their Relation to Dementia

Mielke

Zandi

2006

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple studies have implicated vascular-related conditions as risk factors for dementia. Clarification of these factors in dementia is important because most are modifiable, and may serve as the basis for preventive strategies. Several hematologic factors are associated with vascular diseases, but their relation to dementia is unclear. This review examines biological and epidemiological evidence concerning the role of these hematologic factors in dementia, and dementia subtypes. Reviewed factors include homocysteine, cholesterol, fatty acids, antioxidants, and C-reactive protein. The vast majority of studies reviewed are cross-sectional. Longitudinal studies with serial hematologic measures are needed to clarify the relationship between these factors and dementia over the lifespan. A necessary step is to examine multiple hematologic factors simultaneously, rather than in isolation, to determine how these factors are interrelated.

show abstract

Plasma Levels of Antioxidants Are Not Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease or Cognitive Decline

Cited by 45 publications

References 42 publications

Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with a Low Omega-3 Index in the Elderly: Results from the KORA-Age Study

Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with a Low Omega-3 Index in the Elderly: Results from the KORA-Age Study

Reactive Oxygen Species in the Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity and Memory

Hematologic Risk Factors of Vascular Disease and Their Relation to Dementia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About