Plasma levels of immunoinhibitory cytokines interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting

Abstract

Both cytokines are major immunoregulatory factors with negative influence on T cell-mediated immunologic response. The significantly elevated levels at the end of CPB indicate that IL-10 and TGF-beta may be important factors of immunologic dysregulation following CPB.

Interleukin-10 Inhibits Postinjury Tumor Necrosis Factor-Mediated Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Proliferation

“…Plasma levels of IL-10 in healthy volunteers are typically undetectable. IL-10 levels increase between 10 and 1000 pg/ml with acute myocardial infarction [28] and cardiopulmonary bypass [29]. Our data suggest that physiologic levels of IL-10 might afford tonic inhibition of mitogen-induced VSMC growth.…”

Training surgeon status is not associated with an increased risk of early or late mortality after isolated aortic valve replacement surgery

“…This finding is intuitive and a loss of intraoperative efficiency is an unavoidable part of resident training. This may be of concern, at least theoretically, given the potential risks and deleterious effects associated with perfusion support [8,20], including particulate microembolic [21], platelet and red blood cell effects, increased transfusion requirements [22], coagulation defects, immunosuppression [23], and systemic inflammatory response syndrome [24]. Fortunately, as demonstrated by Haan et al [8] the increased perfusion and bypass time associated with resident training does not compromise early outcomes.…”

Expression of an Activated Form of Integrin β2 Chain CD18 in Cardiac Surgical Operations

“…All of these inconveniences can be prevented only to a certain degree, even if utmost care is expended. Thus, the very trauma of surgery seems to be more relevant in starting on SIRS rather than cardiopulmonary bypass itself, the latter adding a CPB-specific fraction on top of other unfavorable events (12,14,15).…”