Plasma Lipids in Chronic Hemorrhagic Nephritis

Page, Irvine H.; Kirk, Esben; Slyke, Donald D. Van

doi:10.1172/jci100747

Cited by 28 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has been claimed that in chronic hemorrhagic nephritis, fat and lipid phosphorus are often considerably, elevated, while cholesterol is usually normal or even subnormal (2,4). In the present series, discrepancies between cholesterol and lipid phosphorus were seldom observed (see above).…”

supporting

confidence: 42%

“…There is no better correlation with the intensity of proteinuria. One patient with nephritis of some years' standing, which had passed through a long nephrotic stage, had a serum cholesterol that only once in 21 observations in 2 On the whole, lipid phosphorus paralleled cholesterol closely, maintaining the same relation observed in normal subjects and patients with thyroid disease (12). The chief exception again was the old man with the nephrotic syndrome and dermatitis who also had an abnormal cholesterol partition.…”

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confidence: 85%

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The Interrelations of Serum Lipids in Patients With Diseases of the Kidneys 1

Peters¹,

Man²

1943

J. Clin. Invest.

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By methods previously described (1), the lipids of the serum were measured on 142 occasions in 54 patients with glomerular nephritis, in one stage or another. In addition, a large number of measurements were made on patients with other types of renal disorders and with cardiovascular diseases with hypertension.Cholesterol was fractionated 19 times in sera from 8 patients with extreme hypercholesterolemia. In only one of the 4, an old man with a nephrotic syndrome and exfoliative dermatitis, did the ratio of free to total cholesterol depart radically from the normal. On one occasion, in another case, also complicated by exfoliative dermatitis, a ratio of 0.36 was observed. The number of observations is too small to warrant generalization. The results do indicate, however, that the cholesterol ratio does not regularly depart from the normal limits (free: total = 0.24 to 0.32) in nephritic hypercholesterolemia.

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supporting

confidence: 42%

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confidence: 85%

The Interrelations of Serum Lipids in Patients With Diseases of the Kidneys 1

Peters¹,

Man²

1943

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…in nephrotic patients it has been observed that shifts of plasma cholesterol and albumin occur together, both reaching normal levels nearly simultaneously (34). Moreover, no significant hyperlipemia and hypercholesteremia are observed as a consequence of the renal damage occurring in glomerular nephritis (25,26) or in the many diverse states in which the nephrotic state may occur (35) unless there is excessive urine protein loss (26,36,37). In other words, the common denominator for "nephrotic" lipemia does not appear to be the renal lesion p er se but the external renal loss of plasma albumin sufficient to induce hypoalbuminemia.…”

Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Causal Role of Plasma Albumin Deficiency in Experimental Nephrotic Hyperlipemia and Hypercholesteremia 1

Rosenman¹,

Friedman²,

Byers³

et al. 1956

J. Clin. Invest.

149

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Previous studies ( 1-8) from this laboratory have indicated that the hypercholesteremia and hyperlipemia occurring in the experimental nephrotic syndrome induced in rats by injection of anti-rat kidney seruim are due primarily to some intravascular "trapping" phenomenion whereby the animal appears unable to remove either endogenously-produced or dietary-derived cholesterol and lipid from the plasma with its customary efficiency. However, since renal changes seemingly initiate the total nephrotic syndrome, it seems probable that this "trapping" of cholesterol and lipid which occurs in the plasma in this syndrome is related in some manner to such renal changes. In the present study, an attempt was made to determine the nature of this relationship. The observations herein reported suggest (a) that the hypercholesteremia and the hyperlipemia observed in the experimental nephrotic syndrome are initiated and maintained by the external renal loss of some plasma constituent, and (b) that this substance specifically is albumin.I. The Relationship of Nlephrotic HVperlipenetia and Hypercholesteremlia to Renal Dawnage and External Renal Excretion MethodsDrastic alteration in renal function was accomplished in several series of experimental and control male rats (Long-Evans strain) by 1) nephrectomy, 2) bilateral ligation of renal pedicles, 3) bilateral ureteral ligation, and 4) ureter-vena caval anastomosis. 1) Conttrol rats. Pooled rabbit anti-rat kidney serum (AKS) was prepared as described by Heymann and Lund (9). The hypercholesteremic effect of the AKS 1 Aided by Grants from the American Heart Association, the San Francisco and Monterey County Heart Associations and from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, A-46 (C4) and Grant H-119 from the National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service.was established by injection of 1.0 ml. of it intravenously into 25 intact rats (group 1) and into 16 sham-operated (splenectomy) rats (group 2) that were bled 24 hours later for determination of plasma total cholesterol (10) and lipids (11). At the same time, 15 other normal control rats (group 3) that had been injected with 1.0 ml. of ntormiial rabbit serum were bled in order to establish normal plasma lipid levels.2) Nephrectomiiy. The second series of 45 rats was subjected to bilateral nephrectomy. Twenty-nine of these rats (group 4) were given intravenously 1.0 ml. of potent AKS immediately after the nephrectomy. The remaining 16 nephrectomized rats (group 5) served as controls, receiving 1.0 ml. of normal rabbit serum.Blood samples taken 24 hours later were analyzed for total cholesterol and those of group 4 also for total lipids. In addition, five other rats (group 6) that had been fed a protein-electrolyte-free diet (12), enabling them readily to survive for at least five days after nephrectomy, also were given 1.0 ml. of AKS immediately after nephrectomy.3) Bilateral ligationi of the renlal pedicles. A third series of r...

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“…It has not been established conclusively, however, that the hyperlipidemia is caused by hypoalbuminemia, and irregularities in the relationship between levels of serum lipids and serum albumin have been pointed out repeatedly (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%