Plasma lipoprotein levels in treated and untreated hypertensive men and women. The National Heart Foundation of Australia Risk Factor Prevalence Study.

Abstract

Experimental studies have reported that common antihypertensive drugs such as diuretics, beta-blockers, and methyldopa have adverse effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. To investigate whether such effects can be observed in the general population, plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels were compared in subjects receiving antihypertensive treatment, subjects with untreated high blood pressure, and subjects with normal blood pressure in a random sample of 5603 subjects screened in a national study of risk factor prevalence in Australia. In both sexes, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was lower in the group receiving treatment than in the others (p < 0.001). In men, triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.001) and the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol (TC/HDL cholesterol) (p < 0.05) were higher in the group receiving treatment. In both sexes, the differences in plasma lipids and lipoproteins between treated and untreated hypertensive groups were independent of age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking. More than 40% of the treated or untreated hypertensive men and women had elevated total cholesterol (TC > 252 mg/dl) or an elevated TC/HDL cholesterol ratio (>6.0). In men receiving antihypertensive treatment, the prevalence of an elevated TC/HDL cholesterol ratio was significantly greater than in men with untreated high blood pressure (p < 0.01). The results of this study suggest that the effects of antihypertensive treatment on plasma lipids and lipoproteins can be observed in population lipid and lipoprotein levels. Even before treatment, a large proportion of high blood pressure patients have a significant plasma cholesterol abnormality, which may be aggravated by conventional antihypertensive therapy. (Arteriosclerosis 5:391-396, July/August 1985)

Association of Serum Lipids with High Blood Pressure and Hypertensionamong Diabetic Patients. Mathematical Regression Models to PredictBlood Pressure from Lipids. An Experience from 12-year Follow Up ofmore than 9000 Patients' Cohort

“…Both high blood pressure and elevated serum lipids are major risk factors for the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) or CAD, and their progression is accelerated among diabetics. Furthermore, these metabolic abnormalities are also associated with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes and risk factors for atherosclerosis in children and young adults [7][8][9][10].Current research literature has shown that diabetes mellitus is a cardio-vascular risk equivalent and has been further confirmed by Framingham study and other landmark studies [11,12]. Diabetic dyslipidemia is defined as elevated triglyceride, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels [13].…”

Hypertension, serum insulin, obesity and the metabolic syndrome

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The excess prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensives has been considered to be due to the effects of obesity. More recently it has been proposed that hypertension is part of a cluster of metabolic risk factors (a metabolic syndrome X) involving hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia, with insulin resistance or hyperinsulinaemia as the common link.…”

“…The purpose of this study is: (1) to examine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its component variables and their relationship to body mass index (BMI) and insulin levels in a general population; (2) to examine the distribution and clustering of metabolic variables in hypertensive and normotensive men; and (3) to determine the extent to which these relationships are associated with serum insulin and obesity.…”

Farnesyl analogues inhibit vasoconstriction in animal and human arteries.

“…Several reports have now demonstrated that hypercholesterolemia increases the vascular response to vasoconstrictors such as NE and impairs vasodilation in large and small arteries (1,2). By increasing peripheral vascular resistance, cholesterol may contribute to elevating arterial pressure and account for the frequently observed association between hypercholesterolemia and hypertension in humans (3)(4)(5).…”